Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Female (n = 15) | Male (n = 19) |
---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 35.1 (7.5) | 33.2 (7.4) |
Body Mass (kg) | 69.8 (8.5) | 81.1 (10.4) |
Height (m) | 1.69 (0.07) | 1.80 (0.01) |
Body Mass Index (kg·m2) | 24.6 (3.8) | 25.0 (3.2) |
Variable | Female | Male | Main Effects | Interaction | |||
Baseline | Peak | Baseline | Peak | Time | Sex | Time × Sex | |
Heart Rate (bpm) † | 74 (11) | 187 (12) | 66 (8) | 183 (14) | <0.001 | ns | ns |
Core Temperature (°C) § | 37.0 (0.2) | 38.8 (0.4) | 36.8 (0.5) | 39.0 (0.7) | <0.001 | ns | ns (p = 0.055) |
Pre/Post Change | Pre/Post Change | Sex | |||||
Plasma Volume # | 0.74 (4.90) | −1.77 (5.64) | – | ns | – | ||
Body Weight (kg) # | −0.67 (0.64) | −1.11 (0.87) | – | ns | – |
Variable | Female (n = 15) # | Male (n = 19) # | Main Effects | Interaction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre | Post | Pre | Post | Time | Sex | Time × Sex | |
Platelet count † | 254.9 (66.2) | 307.6 (73.8) | 255.7 (58.5) | 310.0 (63.1) | <0.001 | ns | ns |
ADP closure time (s) | 86.1 (22.8) | 92.6 (23.3) | 89.3 (12.0) | 93.3 (42.3) | ns | ns | ns |
EPI closure time (s) | 89.9 (36.3) | 94.1 (22.1) | 112.5 (28.4) | 110.8 (36.9) | ns | 0.016 | ns |
aPTT (s) | 33.3 (3.6) | 30.2 (3.8) | 33.7 (3.5) | 31.1 (3.2) | <0.001 | ns | ns |
Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 223.7 (53.9) | 229.6 (61.2) | 220.8 (49.7) | 231.2 (43.2) | ns | ns | ns |
Factor VIII (iu/mL) | 57.9 (22.9) | 127.8 (87.4) | 61.8 (29.4) | 118.5 (43.6) | 0.002 | ns | ns |
Antithrombin III (%) | 93.9 (17.9) | 96.7 (20.7) | 110.2 (12.3) | 117.7 (14.4) | ns | 0.001 | ns |
t-PA antigen (ng/mL) | 4.4 (4.2) | 7.9 (5.2) | 5.0 (2.7) | 10.2 (4.2) | <0.001 | ns (0.067) | ns |
t-PA activity (iu/mL) § | 0.7 (0.3) | 1.9 (1.2) | 0.6 (0.3) | 2.2 (1.1) | <0.001 | ns | ns |
PAI-1 antigen (ng/mL) | 14.5 (7.1) | 20.1 (10.0) | 21.5 (8.8) | 21.1 (6.9) | 0.041 | ns (0.067) | ns (0.076) |
PAI-1 activity (ng/mL) | 6.4 (8.0) | 2.6 (1.8) | 12.1 (10.2) | 4.5 (3.9) | <0.001 | 0.018 | ns |
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Smith, D.L.; Horn, G.P.; Petruzzello, S.J.; Freund, G.G.; Bloom, S.I.; Fernhall, B. Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124
Smith DL, Horn GP, Petruzzello SJ, Freund GG, Bloom SI, Fernhall B. Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124
Chicago/Turabian StyleSmith, Denise L., Gavin P. Horn, Steven J. Petruzzello, Gregory G. Freund, Samuel I. Bloom, and Bo Fernhall. 2022. "Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124
APA StyleSmith, D. L., Horn, G. P., Petruzzello, S. J., Freund, G. G., Bloom, S. I., & Fernhall, B. (2022). Hemostatic Responses to Multiple Bouts of Firefighting Activity: Female vs. Male Differences in a High Demand, High Performance Occupation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042124