Process Design for Optimized Respiration Identification Based on Heart Rate Variability for Efficient Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Biofeedback
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Proposed Work
2.1. Overall Process Description
2.2. Description on Respiration Guidance
2.3. Description on Extraction HSI Process
2.4. Description on Extraction Stress Features
3. Experimental Design
3.1. Participants and Experimental Device
3.2. Stimuli (Respiratory Cycles)
3.3. Dependent Variables
3.4. Statistical Analysis
4. Experimental Results
4.1. Relationship HSI and Stress Indices
4.2. Difference of Optimal and Non-Optimal RSP
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Optimal RSP | Non-Optimal RSP | Z | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
VLF (%) | 8.1359 (7.6382) | 8.5199 (5.9367) | −1.062 | 0.288 |
LF (%) | 27.7045 (19.4434) | 44.6741 (16.2995) | −6.505 | 0.000 |
HF (%) | 64.1596 (22.2799) | 46.806 (17.6863) | −6.316 | 0.000 |
VLF Power | 0.0004 (0.0004) | 0.0005 (0.0003) | −3.246 | 0.001 |
LF Power | 0.0016 (0.0018) | 0.0029 (0.0018) | −6.203 | 0.000 |
HF Power | 0.0043 (0.0038) | 0.0035 (0.0029) | −2.644 | 0.008 |
LF/HF ratio | 1.1185 (3.021) | 3.2043 (3.9283) | −6.791 | 0.000 |
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Lee, J.-N.; Whang, M.-C.; Kang, B.-G. Process Design for Optimized Respiration Identification Based on Heart Rate Variability for Efficient Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Biofeedback. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042087
Lee J-N, Whang M-C, Kang B-G. Process Design for Optimized Respiration Identification Based on Heart Rate Variability for Efficient Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Biofeedback. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042087
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Jung-Nyun, Min-Cheol Whang, and Bong-Gu Kang. 2022. "Process Design for Optimized Respiration Identification Based on Heart Rate Variability for Efficient Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Biofeedback" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042087