Sensory Processing, Perceived Stress and Burnout Symptoms in a Working Population during the COVID-19 Crisis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Measurements
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Statistics
3.2. Regression Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Descriptive | % | |
---|---|---|
Age (M, SD) | 44.7 (12.2) | |
Sex | Female | 71.6 |
Male | 28.4 | |
Educational level | Lower A | 3.4 |
Middle B | 22.4 | |
Higher C | 74.1 | |
Partner | 86.2 | |
Children | 70.7 | |
Profession | Psychologist/Psychiatrist | 20.7 |
Social Worker | 18.1 | |
Nurse | 12.9 | |
Other Clinical | 6.0 | |
Security | 6.9 | |
Consultancy and Management | 24.1 | |
Secretarial and Administrative | 11.2 | |
Medical D | ASD E | 2.6 |
ADHD F | 4.3 | |
Drugs or medication in last 30 days G | 6.9 | |
Neurological diseases | 4.3 |
Instrument | Score | M (SD) | Comparison with Reference Group Data (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AASP B | −− | − | = | + | ++ | ||
Low registration | 29.4 (6.0) | 3.8 | 11.3 | 67.0 | 17.0 | 0.9 | |
Sensory seeking | 50.1 (6.6) | 2.7 | 10.0 | 70.0 | 17.3 | 0.0 | |
Sensory sensitivity | 35.2 (8.2) | 0.0 | 12.4 | 66.7 | 13.3 | 7.6 | |
Sensory avoiding | 36.34 (8.5) | 1.9 | 7.5 | 67.3 | 15.0 | 8.4 | |
Total score | 150.9 (19.5) | A | A | A | A | A | |
PSS | <−1 SD | = | >+1 SD | ||||
Perceived self-efficacy | 11.6 (2.4) | A | A | A | |||
Perceived helplessness | 6.1 (4.1) | A | A | A | |||
Perceived stress | 10.5 (5.7) | 30.6 | 61.3 | 8.1 | |||
BAT | Low risk | At risk | Very high risk | ||||
Exhaustion | 2.0 (0.6) | 95.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | |||
Mental distancing | 1.6 (0.5) | 92.8 | 6.3 | 0.9 | |||
Cognitive impairment | 1.9 (0.5) | 94.6 | 3.6 | 1.8 | |||
Emotional impairment | 1.7 (0.5) | 82.9 | 13.5 | 3.6 | |||
Core symptoms | 1.8 (0.4) | 94.6 | 4.5 | 0.9 | |||
Psychological complaints | 2.1 (0.6) | A | A | A | |||
Psychosomatic complaints | 1.9 (0.7) | A | A | A | |||
Secondary symptoms | 2.0 (0.6) | 88.3 | 9.9 | 1.8 |
Perceived Stress | Core Burnout Symptoms | Secondary Burnout Symptoms | |
---|---|---|---|
Low Registration | b = 0.262 [0.071, 0.453], p = 0.008 | b = 0.025 [0.010, 0.040], p = 0.001 | A |
Sensory Seeking | A | A | A |
Sensory Sensitivity | b = 0.156 [0.013, 0.300], p = 0.033 | b = 0.012 [0.001, 0.023], p = 0.038 | b = 0.041 [0.028, 0.053], p < 0.001 |
Sensory Avoiding | A | A | A |
Effect Size B | f2 = 0.26 | f2 = 0.33 | f2 = 0.41 |
AASP Total Score | b = 0.123 [0.071, 0.174], p < 0.001 | b = 0.010 [0.006, 0.015], p < 0.001 | b = 0.018 [0.013, 0.023], p < 0.001 |
Effect Size B | f2 = 0.23 | f2 = 0.26 | f2 = 0.48 |
Perceived Self-efficacy | Perceived Helplessness | Exhaustion | Mental Distancing | Cognitive Impairment | Emotional Impairment | Psychological Complaints | Psychosomatic Complaints | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low Registration | A | b = 0.260 [0.140, 0.380] p < 0.001 | b = 0.025 [0.006, 0.043] p = 0.010 | A | b = 0.039 [0.024, 0.054] p < 0.001 | b = 0.029 [0.014, 0.045] p < 0.001 | b = 0.023 [0.002, 0.045] p = 0.034 | A |
Sensory Seeking | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
Sensory Sensitivity | b = −0.095 [−0.143, −0.047] p < 0.001 | A | b = 0.022 [0.008, 0.036] p = 0.002 | b = 0.015 [0.002, 0.027] p = 0.020 | A | A | b = 0.026 [0.010, 0.042] p = 0.002 | b = 0.046 [0.032, 0.060] p < 0.001 |
Sensory Avoiding | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
Effect Size B | f2 = 0.16 | f2 = 0.19 | f2 = 0.37 | f2 = 0.06 | f2 = 0.27 | f2 = 0.14 | f2 = 0.32 | f2 = 0.42 |
AASP Total Score | b = −0.037 [−0.058, −0.017] p < 0.001 | b = 0.085 [0.047, 0.123] p < 0.001 | b = 0.014 [0.009, 0.019] p < 0.001 | b = 0.006 [0.001, 0.012] p = 0.014 | b = 0.012 [0.007, 0.016] p < 0.001 | b = 0.007 [0.002, 0.012] p = 0.005 | b = 0.017 [0.011, 0.023] p < 0.001 | b = 0.019 [0.013, 0.025] p < 0.001 |
Effect Size B | f2 = 0.13 | f2 = 0.20 | f2 = 0.28 | f2 = 0.06 | f2 = 0.23 | f2 = 0.08 | f2 = 0.36 | f2 = 0.41 |
Perceived Stress | Core Symptoms Burnout | Secondary Symptoms Burnout | |
---|---|---|---|
Low Registration | b = 0.337 [0.152, 0.522], p < 0.001 | b = 0.030 [0.016, 0.045], p < 0.001 | A |
Sensory Seeking | A | A | A |
Sensory Sensitivity | A | A | b = 0.036 [0.021, 0.051], p < 0.001 |
Sensory Avoiding | A | A | A |
Effect Size B | f2 = 0.16 | f2 = 0.21 | f2 = 0.26 |
AASP Total Score | b = 0.109 [0.051, 0.168], p < 0.001 | b = 0.009 [0.005, 0.014], p < 0.001 | b = 0.016 [0.010, 0.022], p < 0.001 |
Effect Size B | f2 = 0.16 | f2 = 0.20 | f2 = 0.34 |
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van den Boogert, F.; Spaan, P.; Sizoo, B.; Bouman, Y.H.A.; Hoogendijk, W.J.G.; Roza, S.J. Sensory Processing, Perceived Stress and Burnout Symptoms in a Working Population during the COVID-19 Crisis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042043
van den Boogert F, Spaan P, Sizoo B, Bouman YHA, Hoogendijk WJG, Roza SJ. Sensory Processing, Perceived Stress and Burnout Symptoms in a Working Population during the COVID-19 Crisis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042043
Chicago/Turabian Stylevan den Boogert, Frank, Pascalle Spaan, Bram Sizoo, Yvonne H. A. Bouman, Witte J. G. Hoogendijk, and Sabine J. Roza. 2022. "Sensory Processing, Perceived Stress and Burnout Symptoms in a Working Population during the COVID-19 Crisis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042043