Patient Involvement in Shared Decision-Making: Do Patients Rate Physicians and Nurses Differently?
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Setting
2.2. Participants and Recruitment
2.3. Instrument
2.4. Patient Involvement in the Process of Shared Decision-Making (Split for Nurses and Physicians)
- -
- Information (5 items): information that patients received about their condition/disease and its progress, why and how specific interventions and nursing treatments were provided, possible pain or discomfort, and possible complications;
- -
- Patient needs (7 items): clarity and understanding of received information, opportunity to ask questions (during hospitalization and at discharge), being treated with respect, the responsiveness of professionals to patient requests, and information about medications/treatments;
- -
- Treatment planning (4 items): patient involvement in choices and goals regarding treatment/examinations, planning post-discharge actions, and motivating empowerment for patients’ future health.
2.5. Patient Satisfaction (Split for Nurses and Physicians)
2.6. Perceived Quality of Treatment/Care (General Scale, Not Split for Professional Category)
2.7. Data Collection
2.8. Ethical Statement
2.9. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics
3.2. Perceived Shared Decision-Making Process, Patient Satisfaction, and Quality of Care/Treatment
3.3. Relationship between Shared Decision-Making and Both Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Quality of Treatment/Care
4. Discussion
4.1. Patients’ Perceptions of Involvement in Shared Decision-Making Process
4.2. Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Involvement in Caring/Treatment
4.3. Relationship between the Extent of Patient Involvement and Both Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Quality of Care/Treatment
4.4. Limitation
4.5. Practical Implications and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Admission (Mean; SD) | Discharge (Mean; SD) | Paired Differences | t | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean Dif. | SD | SE Mean | 95% CI | ||||||
LL | UL | ||||||||
SD-M Referring to Physicians | |||||||||
-Information | 3.50; 0.81 | 3.50; 0.79 | 0.01 | 0.85 | 0.07 | −0.13 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.92 |
-Patient needs | 3.05; 1.05 | 3.17; 1.02 | −0.12 | 0.88 | 0.07 | −0.26 | 0.02 | −1.67 | 0.10 |
-Treatment planning | 2.76; 1.23 | 2.66; 1.23 | 0.09 | 1.08 | 0.09 | −0.08 | 0.27 | 1.06 | 0.29 |
-Patient satisfaction | 3.34; 0.89 | 3.47; 0.79 | −0.13 | 0.66 | 0.05 | −0.23 | −0.02 | −2.36 | 0.02 |
SD-M referring to nurses | |||||||||
-Information | 2.44; 1.23 | 2.62; 1.22 | −0.17 | 0.89 | 0.07 | −0.32 | −0.03 | −2.37 | 0.02 |
-Patient needs | 2.27; 1.17 | 2.53; 1.24 | −0.26 | 0.93 | 0.08 | −0.41 | −0.11 | −3.40 | 0.00 |
-Treatment planning | 2.12; 1.19 | 2.35; 1.21 | −0.23 | 0.94 | 0.08 | −0.38 | −0.08 | −3.03 | 0.00 |
-Patient satisfaction | 3.41; 0.79 | 3.52; 0.69 | −0.11 | 0.66 | 0.05 | −0.21 | −0.00 | −1.99 | 0.05 |
Perceived quality of treatment/care (provider not specified) | 3.29; 0.89 | 3.40; 0.84 | −0.11 | 0.74 | 0.06 | −0.23 | 0.01 | −1.76 | 0.08 |
Physician Mean; SD | Nurse Mean; SD | Paired Differences | t | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean Dif. | SD | SE Mean | 95% CI | ||||||
LL | UL | ||||||||
SD-M Perception at Admission | |||||||||
-Information | 3.50; 0.81 | 2.44; 1.23 | 1.06 | 1.36 | 0.11 | 0.84 | 1.28 | 9.59 | 0.00 |
-Patient needs | 3.05; 1.05 | 2.27; 1.17 | 0.78 | 1.29 | 0.11 | 0.57 | 0.98 | 7.37 | 0.00 |
-Treatment planning | 2.76; 1.23 | 2.12; 1.19 | 0.64 | 1.22 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 0.83 | 6.41 | 0.00 |
-Patient satisfaction | 3.34; 0.89 | 3.41; 0.79 | −0.07 | 0.85 | 0.07 | −0.20 | 0.07 | −0.95 | 0.34 |
SD-M Perception at discharge | |||||||||
-Information | 3.50; 0.79 | 2.62; 1.22 | 0.881 | 1.42 | 0.12 | 0.65 | 1.11 | 7.60 | 0.00 |
-Patient needs | 3.17; 1.02 | 2.53; 1.24 | 0.636 | 1.25 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 0.84 | 6.24 | 0.00 |
-Treatment planning | 2.66; 1.23 | 2.35; 1.21 | 0.311 | 1.14 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.50 | 3.34 | 0.00 |
-Patient satisfaction | 3.47; 0.79 | 3.52; 0.69 | −0.046 | 0.67 | 0.06 | −0.16 | 0.07 | −0.82 | 0.41 |
Variables | 1. SD-M Referring to Physicians | ||||
1. SD-M referring to physicians | 1a. Information | 1b. Patient needs | 1c. Treatment planning | 2. Patient satisfaction with physicians | 3. Perceived quality of treatment/care (provider not specified) |
1a. Information | (0.86) | ||||
1b. Patient needs | 0.425 ** | (0.82) | |||
1c. Treatment planning | 0.344 ** | 0.420 ** | (0.75) | ||
2. Patient satisfaction with physicians | 0.723 ** | 0.423 ** | 0.424 ** | (0.90) | |
3. Perceived quality of treatment/care (provider not specified) | 0.634 ** | 0.303 ** | 0.355 ** | 0.680 ** | (0.89) |
Variables | 1. SD-M referring to nurses | ||||
1. SD-M referring to nurses | 1a. Information | 1b. Patient needs | 1c. Treatment planning | 2. Patient satisfaction with nurses | 3. Perceived quality of treatment/care (provider not specified) |
1a. Information | (0.92) | ||||
1b. Patient needs | 0.740 ** | (0.81) | |||
1c. Treatment planning | 0.721 ** | 0.726 ** | (0.91) | ||
2. Patient satisfaction with nurses | 0.230 ** | 0.238 ** | 0.236 ** | (0.86) | |
3. Perceived quality of treatment/care (provider not specified) | 0.111 | 0.161 * | 0.215 ** | 0.596 ** | (0.89) |
Variables in the Equation | Patient Satisfaction | Perceived Quality of Treatment/Care (Provider Not Specified) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI for OR | OR | 95% CI for OR | |||
LL | UL | LL | UL | |||
SD-M referring to nurses | ||||||
Information | 2.228 | 0.855 | 5.802 | 1.414 | 0.571 | 3.502 |
Patient needs | 3.650 * | 1.315 | 10.136 | 3.971 * | 1.495 | 10.551 |
Treatment planning | 0.945 | 0.433 | 2.062 | 0.842 | 0.389 | 1.825 |
SD-M referring to physicians | ||||||
Information | 19.755 ** | 7.288 | 53.550 | 8.028 ** | 3.254 | 19.807 |
Patient needs | 2.875 * | 1.016 | 8.139 | 2.593 * | 1.060 | 6.348 |
Treatment planning | 2.850 | 0.902 | 9.000 | 2.779 * | 1.065 | 7.250 |
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Galletta, M.; Piazza, M.F.; Meloni, S.L.; Chessa, E.; Piras, I.; Arnetz, J.E.; D’Aloja, E. Patient Involvement in Shared Decision-Making: Do Patients Rate Physicians and Nurses Differently? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 14229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114229
Galletta M, Piazza MF, Meloni SL, Chessa E, Piras I, Arnetz JE, D’Aloja E. Patient Involvement in Shared Decision-Making: Do Patients Rate Physicians and Nurses Differently? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(21):14229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114229
Chicago/Turabian StyleGalletta, Maura, Maria Francesca Piazza, Stefania Luisa Meloni, Elsa Chessa, Ilenia Piras, Judith E. Arnetz, and Ernesto D’Aloja. 2022. "Patient Involvement in Shared Decision-Making: Do Patients Rate Physicians and Nurses Differently?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21: 14229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114229
APA StyleGalletta, M., Piazza, M. F., Meloni, S. L., Chessa, E., Piras, I., Arnetz, J. E., & D’Aloja, E. (2022). Patient Involvement in Shared Decision-Making: Do Patients Rate Physicians and Nurses Differently? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), 14229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114229