An Assessment of Mortality among Elderly Brazilians from Alcohol Abuse Diseases: A Longitudinal Study from 1996 to 2019
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Sample
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Limitation of the Study
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Causes of Mortality | CID.10 [11] |
---|---|
Illnesses of the liver | |
Alcoholic illnesses of the liver | K70 |
Neuro-psychiatric Disorders | |
Mental and behavioral disorders caused by alcohol consumption | F10.0 |
Nervous system degeneration due to alcohol | G31.2 |
Alcoholic polyneuropathy | G62.1 |
Poisoning/intoxication | |
Accidental poisoning [intoxication] from alcohol exposure | X45.0 |
Voluntary alcohol self-intoxication | X65.0 |
Accidental poisoning [intoxication] from alcohol exposure, not determined | Y15.0 |
Evidence of alcoholism determined by alcoholemia levels | Y90.0 |
Evidence of alcoholism determined by the level of intoxication | Y91.0 |
Other illnesses (all other codes) | |
Alcohol-induced Pseudo-Cushing Syndrome | E24.4 |
Alcoholic myopathy | G72.1 |
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy | I42.6 |
Alcoholic Gastritis | K29.2 |
Acute Alcohol-induced pancreatitis | K85.2 |
Alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis | K86.0 |
Assistance provided to the mother for (suspected) injury to the fetus maternal alcoholism | O35.4 |
Fetus and newborn affected by maternal alcohol use | P04.3 |
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (dimorphic) | Q86.0 |
Presence of alcohol in the blood | R78.0 |
REGION | CAUSE | AGE GROUP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
60–69 | 70–80 | +80 | |||
North | F10—Mental and Behavioral Disorders due to Alcohol Use | 635 | 323 | 113 | |
K70—Alcoholic Liver Disease | 1.203 | 594 | 270 | ||
X45—Accidental Poisoning (intoxication) By and Exposure to Alcohol | 6 | 3 | 1 | ||
X65—Voluntary Alcohol Self-intoxication | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||
Y15—Poisoning [intoxication] by and exposure to alcohol, intent not determined | 3 | 4 | 1 | ||
Northeast | F10—Mental and Behavioral Disorders due to Alcohol Use | 6.013 | 2.896 | 1.298 | |
K70—Alcoholic Liver Disease | 8.819 | 4.181 | 1.486 | ||
X45—Accidental Poisoning (intoxication) By and Exposure to Alcohol | 15 | 2 | 1 | ||
X65—Voluntary Alcohol Self-intoxication | 33 | 10 | 9 | ||
Y15—Poisoning [intoxication] by and exposure to alcohol, intent not determined | 58 | 30 | 14 | ||
Southeast | F10—Mental and Behavioral Disorders due to Alcohol Use | 8.365 | 3.119 | 877 | |
K70—Alcoholic Liver Disease | 15.497 | 5.843 | 1.378 | ||
X45—Accidental Poisoning (intoxication) By and Exposure to Alcohol | 26 | 5 | 2 | ||
X65—Voluntary Alcohol Self-intoxication | 17 | 6 | 3 | ||
Y15—Poisoning [intoxication] by and exposure to alcohol, intent not determined | 33 | 10 | 5 | ||
South | F10—Mental and Behavioral Disorders due to Alcohol Use | 3.937 | 1.530 | 455 | |
K70—Alcoholic Liver Disease | 7.085 | 2.858 | 631 | ||
X45—Accidental Poisoning (intoxication) By and Exposure to Alcohol | 10 | 3 | 0 | ||
X65—Voluntary Alcohol Self-intoxication | 18 | 2 | 1 | ||
Y15—Poisoning [intoxication] by and exposure to alcohol, intent not determined | 13 | 5 | 3 | ||
MidWest | F10—Mental and Behavioral Disorders due to Alcohol Use | 1.625 | 650 | 217 | |
K70—Alcoholic Liver Disease | 2.402 | 956 | 272 | ||
X45—Accidental Poisoning (intoxication) By and Exposure to Alcohol | 15 | 4 | - | ||
X65—Voluntary Alcohol Self-intoxication | 6 | 1 | - | ||
Y15—Poisoning [intoxication] by and exposure to alcohol, intent not determined | 7 | 7 | - | ||
Total | (%) | 55,847 | 23,043 | 7038 | |
(N) | 65% | 26.8% | 8.2% |
PROFILE | REGION | TOTAL | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NORTH | NORTHEAST | SOUTHEAST | SOUTH | MID WEST | ||
Sex n (%) | ||||||
Female | 358 (3.69) | 3.327 (34.31) | 3.790 (39.08) | 1.537 (15.84) | 685 (7.06) | 9.697 (11.29) |
Male | 2.809 (3.68) | 21.538 (28.25) | 31.393 (41.18) | 15.015 (19.7) | 5.476 (7.18) | 76.231 (88.71) |
Breed n (%) | ||||||
White | 491 (1.26) | 4.405 (11.32) | 19.197 (49.31) | 12.767 (32.8) | 2.069 (5.31) | 3.8929 (45.3) |
Black | 289 (3.61) | 2.745 (34.33) | 3.427 (42.85) | 953 (11.92) | 583 (7.29) | 7.997 (9.31) |
Asian | 13 (2.84) | 108 (23.58) | 251 (54.8) | 55 (12.01) | 31 (6.77) | 458 (0.53) |
Brown | 2.147 (7.04) | 14.592 (47.86) | 9.144 (29.99) | 1.595 (5.23) | 3.014 (9.88) | 30.492 (35.49) |
Indigenous | 60 (22.47) | 51 (19.1) | 26 (9.74) | 35 (13.11) | 95 (35.58) | 267 (0.31) |
Not declared | 168 (2.16) | 2.964 (38.07) | 3.139 (40.32) | 1.145 (14.71) | 369 (4.74) | 7.785 (9.06) |
Schooling n (%) | ||||||
None | 1.024 (5.7) | 8.716 (48.52) | 4.161 (23.16) | 2.470 (13.75) | 1.593 (8.87) | 17.964 (20.91) |
1 to 3 years | 757 (3.73) | 5049 (24.91) | 8.481 (41.84) | 4.484 (22.12) | 1.499 (7.4) | 20.270 (23.59) |
4 to 7 years | 448 (3.29) | 2.364 (17.34) | 6.355 (46.61) | 3.430 (25.16) | 1.037 (7.61) | 13.634 (15.87) |
1 to 8 years | 248 (3.87) | 1.250 (19.53) | 3.052 (47.68) | 1.357 (21.2) | 494 (7.72) | 6.401 (7.45) |
9 to 11 years | 74 (2.96) | 445 (17.77) | 1.199 (47.88) | 565 (22.56) | 221 (8.83) | 2.504 (2.91) |
12 years or more | 5 (3.57) | 20 (14.29) | 73 (52.14) | 35 (25) | 7 (5) | 140 (0.16) |
Not declared | 636 (2.54) | 6.956 (27.81) | 11.860 (47.41) | 4.228 (16.9) | 1.335 (5.34) | 25.015 (29.11) |
Marital Status n (%) | ||||||
Single | 1.193 (3.23) | 1.0242 (27.72) | 15.835 (42.86) | 7.568 (20.48) | 2.111 (5.71) | 36.949 (43) |
Married | 408 (3.19) | 3.213 (25.1) | 5.446 (42.54) | 2.804 (21.9) | 930 (7.27) | 1 2801 (14.9) |
Widower | 147 (1.91) | 1.053 (13.7) | 3.892 (50.62) | 1.922 (25) | 674 (8.77) | 7.688 (8.95) |
Legally separated | 135 (7.86) | 641 (37.33) | 488 (28.42) | 307 (17.88) | 146 (8.5) | 1.717 (2) |
Other | 325 (4.61) | 2.695 (38.26) | 2.409 (34.2) | 964 (13.69) | 650 (9.23) | 7.043 (8.2) |
Not declared | 1.193 (3.23) | 10.242 (27.72) | 15.835 (42.86) | 7.568 (20.48) | 2.111 (5.71) | 36.949 (43) |
Place of death n (%) | ||||||
Hospital/Health Service | 2.013 (3.36) | 14.231 (23.73) | 28.214 (47.04) | 11.444 (19.08) | 4.078 (6.8) | 59.980 (69.8) |
Domicile | 1.001 (4.35) | 9.781 (42.53) | 6.130 (26.66) | 4.326 (18.81) | 1.758 (7.64) | 22.996 (26.76) |
Public highway | 73 (6.56) | 401 (36.06) | 276 (24.82) | 234 (21.04) | 128 (11.51) | 1.112 (1.29) |
Other | 69 (4.45) | 382 (24.65) | 521 (33.61) | 395 (25.48) | 183 (11.81) | 1.550 (1.8) |
Not declared | 8 (2.76) | 70 (24.14) | 45 (15.52) | 152 (52.41) | 15 (5.17) | 290 (0.34) |
Total | 3.164 | 24.865 | 35.186 | 16.551 | 6.162 | 85.928 |
VARIABLES | 1996–2000 | 2001–2004 | 2005–2009 | 2010–2014 | 2015–2019 | TOTAL | FIVE-YEAR VARIATION COEFFICIENT (%) | IC95% * | TREND |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | N | N | N | N | N | ||||
North | 186 | 252 | 581 | 947 | 1.198 | 3.164 | 73.0 | 4.13; 5.22 | Increscent |
Northeast | 1.760 | 2.181 | 5.577 | 7.158 | 8.189 | 24.865 | 85.7 | 15.3; 18.7 | Increscent |
Southeast | 3.933 | 4.292 | 7.080 | 9.234 | 10.647 | 35.186 | 99.8 | 8.7; 10.3 | Increscent |
South | 2.067 | 2.153 | 3.406 | 4.229 | 4.696 | 16.551 | 90.1 | 39.4; 47.6 | Increscent |
MidWest | 484 | 672 | 1.077 | 1.704 | 2.225 | 6.162 | 105.0 | 25.7; 30.2 | Increscent |
Total | 8.430 | 9.550 | 17.721 | 23.272 | 26.955 | 85.928 |
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Barbosa, J.d.S.P.; Pereira, L.C.; Salgado, F.X.C.; da Silva, R.M.; Karnikowski, M.G.d.O. An Assessment of Mortality among Elderly Brazilians from Alcohol Abuse Diseases: A Longitudinal Study from 1996 to 2019. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013467
Barbosa JdSP, Pereira LC, Salgado FXC, da Silva RM, Karnikowski MGdO. An Assessment of Mortality among Elderly Brazilians from Alcohol Abuse Diseases: A Longitudinal Study from 1996 to 2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013467
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarbosa, João de Sousa Pinheiro, Leonardo Costa Pereira, Fabiana Xavier Cartaxo Salgado, Rodrigo Marques da Silva, and Margô Gomes de Oliveira Karnikowski. 2022. "An Assessment of Mortality among Elderly Brazilians from Alcohol Abuse Diseases: A Longitudinal Study from 1996 to 2019" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013467