Physical Therapy Programs in Older Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: Preferences to Technology-Based Cardiac Physical Therapy Programs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Sample
2.4. Measurements
2.5. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Characterisctics of the Sample
3.2. Comparison of Technology Usage of Older Adults by Sex
3.3. Preferences of Older Adults towards Technology-Based CPP Programs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Total | Male (n = 56; 80%) | Female (n = 14; 20%) | χ2 (p-Value) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Total% | N | Total% | N | Total% | ||
Comorbidities | 3.2 (0.663) | ||||||
No comorbidities | 27 | 38.6 | 22 | 39.3 | 5 | 35.7 | |
Hypertension | 17 | 24.3 | 12 | 21.4 | 5 | 35.7 | |
Diabetes | 18 | 25.7 | 16 | 28.6 | 2 | 14.3 | |
Thrombosis | 1 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 | |
Peripheric artery disease | 5 | 7.1 | 1 | 1.8 | 1 | 7.1 | |
Other comorbidities | 2 | 2.9 | 4 | 7.1 | 1 | 7.1 | |
Education | 13.2 (0.021) * | ||||||
No studies | 3 | 4.3 | 1 | 1.8 | 2 | 14.3 | |
Uncompleted primary studies | 8 | 11.4 | 6 | 10.7 | 2 | 14.3 | |
Primary | 15 | 21.4 | 9 | 16.1 | 6 | 42.9 | |
Secondary | 23 | 32.9 | 22 | 39.3 | 1 | 7.1 | |
University | 7 | 10 | 5 | 8.9 | 2 | 14.3 | |
Graduate | 14 | 20 | 13 | 23.2 | 1 | 7.1 | |
Employment | 23.4 (0.001) * | ||||||
Employed | 21 | 30 | 19 | 33.9 | 2 | 14.3 | |
Self-employed | 5 | 7.1 | 5 | 8.9 | 0 | 0 | |
Unemployed/looking for | 4 | 5.7 | 4 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 | |
Unemployed/without looking for | 3 | 4.3 | 3 | 5.4 | 0 | 0 | |
Housewife | 6 | 8.6 | 1 | 1.8 | 5 | 35.7 | |
Student | 1 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7.1 | |
Retired | 30 | 42.9 | 24 | 42.9 | 6 | 42.9 | |
Frequency of physical exercise | 3.5 (0.465) | ||||||
Less than 1 time/week | 8 | 11.4 | 6 | 10.7 | 2 | 14.3 | |
1 time/week | 3 | 4.3 | 3 | 5.4 | 0 | 0 | |
2 times/week | 1 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 | |
3 times/week | 7 | 10 | 4 | 7.1 | 3 | 21.4 | |
>3 times/week | 51 | 72.9 | 42 | 40.8 | 9 | 64.3 | |
Smoking | 0.4 (0.508) | ||||||
Yes | 20 | 28.6 | 17 | 30.4 | 3 | 21.4 | |
No | 50 | 71.4 | 39 | 69.6 | 11 | 78.6 | |
Alcohol consumption | 0.2 (0.634) | ||||||
Yes | 12 | 17.1 | 9 | 16.1 | 3 | 21.4 | |
No | 58 | 82.9 | 47 | 83.9 | 11 | 78.6 | |
Reason for cardiac rehabilitation | 6.9 (0.14) | ||||||
Myocardial infarction | 16 | 22.9 | 14 | 25 | 2 | 14.3 | |
Stent | 7 | 10 | 7 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | |
Myocardial infarction and stent | 43 | 61.4 | 33 | 58.9 | 10 | 71.4 | |
Valve surgery | 3 | 4.3 | 2 | 3.6 | 1 | 7.1 | |
Heart failure | 1 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7.1 |
Variable | Total N (%) | Male N (%) | Female N (%) | χ2 (p-Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1—Have a mobile phone or Smartphone | 8.2 (0.04) * | |||
Yes | 68 (97.1) | 56 (100) | 14 (85.7) | |
No | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | |
2—Functions used of the mobile phone/Smartphone: | ||||
Phone calls | 4.0 (0.044) * | |||
Yes | 69 (98.6) | 56 (100) | 13 (92.9) | |
No | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (7.1) | |
Text messaging | 1.6 (0.20) | |||
Yes | 54 (77.1) | 45 (80.4) | 9 (64.3) | |
No | 16 (22.9) | 11 (19.6) | 5 (35.7) | |
Camera | 2.1 (0.143) | |||
Yes | 42 (60) | 36 (64.3) | 6 (42.9) | |
No | 28 (40) | 20 (35.7) | 8 (57.1) | |
Receive videos/photos | 3.2 (0.07) | |||
Yes | 40 (57.1) | 35 (62.5) | 5 (35.7) | |
No | 30 (42.9) | 21 (37.5) | 9 (64.3) | |
Internet search | 3.2 (0.07) | |||
Yes | 40 (57.1) | 35 (62.5) | 5 (35.7) | |
No | 30 (42.9) | 21 (37.5) | 9 (64.3) | |
Applications | 3.2 (0.07) | |||
Yes | 40 (57.1) | 35 (62.5) | 5 (35.7) | |
No | 30 (42.9) | 21 (37.5) | 9 (64.3) | |
Instant messaging | 3.2 (0.07) | |||
Yes | 40 (57.1) | 35 (62.5) | 5 (35.7) | |
No | 30 (42.9) | 21 (37.5) | 9 (64.3) | |
Social networks | 2.8 (0.09) | |||
Yes | 39 (55.7) | 34 (60.7) | 5 (35.7) | |
No | 31 (44.3) | 22 (39.3) | 9 (64.3) | |
Gaming applications | 2.8 (0.09) | |||
Yes | 39 (55.7) | 34 (60.7) | 5 (35.7) | |
No | 31 (44.3) | 22 (39.3) | 9 (64.3) | |
3—Regular access to the Internet | 6.8 (0.009) * | |||
Yes (every day) | 57 (81.4) | 49 (87.5) | 8 (57.1) | |
No | 13 (18.6) | 7 (12.5) | 6 (42.9) | |
4—Frequency of Internet use | 9.1 (0.027) * | |||
Every day | 52 (74.3) | 46 (65.7) | 6 (42.9) | |
3 or more days/week | 2 (2.9) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (7.1) | |
1 day/week | 2 (2.9) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (7.1) | |
Less than 1 day/week | 14 (20) | 8 (14.3) | 6 (42.9) | |
5—Type of devices used to access Internet | ||||
Personal computer | 2.8 (0.08) | |||
Yes | 29 (41.4) | 26 (46.4) | 3 (21.4) | |
No | 41 (58.6) | 30 (53.6) | 11 (78.6) | |
Tablet | 0.02 (0.88) | |||
Yes | 16 (22.9) | 13 (23.2) | 3 (21.4) | |
No | 54 (77.1) | 43 (76.8) | 11 (78.6) | |
Smartphone | 1.2 (0.26) | |||
Yes | 53 (75.7) | 44 (78.6) | 9 (64.3) | |
No | 17 (24.3) | 12 (21.4) | 5 (35.7) | |
Others | - | |||
Yes | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
No | 70 (100) | 56 (100) | 14 (100) |
Variable | Total N (%) | Male N (%) | Female N (%) | χ2 (p-Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1—Interest in receiving continuing advice and support about cardiac rehabilitation through the mobile phone/Smartphone | 0.1 (0.71) | |||
Yes | 38 (54.3) | 31 (55.4) | 7 (50) | |
No | 32 (45.7) | 25 (44.6) | 7 (50) | |
2—Type of Internet communication preferred | ||||
Text messages | 0.8 (0.37) | |||
Yes | 14 (20) | 10 (17.9) | 4 (28.6) | |
No | 56 (80) | 46 (82.1) | 10 (71.4) | |
Video clip | 2.1 (0.14) | |||
Yes | 11 (15.7) | 7 (12.5) | 4 (28.6) | |
No | 59 (84.3) | 49 (87.5) | 10 (71.4) | |
Smartphone App | 0.04 (0.83) | |||
Yes | 6 (8.6) | 5 (8.9) | 1 (7.1) | |
No | 64 (91.4) | 51 (91.1) | 13 (92.9) | |
Internet | 1.3 (0.24) | |||
Yes | 5 (7.1) | 3 (5.4) | 2 (14.3) | |
No | 65 (92.9) | 53 (94.6) | 12 (85.7) | |
Emails | 0.16 (0.68) | |||
Yes | 18 (25.7) | 15 (26.8) | 3 (21.4) | |
No | 52 (74.3) | 41 (73.2) | 11 (78.6) | |
3—Would you like to sign up in a free program that offered these types of communication? | 0.92 (0.33) | |||
Yes | 38 (54.3) | 32 (57.1) | 6 (42.9) | |
No | 32 (45.7) | 24 (42.9) | 8 (57.1) | |
4—How many messages would you like to receive? | 5.8 (0.2) | |||
0 | 32 (45.7) | 24 (42.9) | 8 (57.1) | |
1 | 12 (21.4) | 15 (26.8) | 0 (0) | |
2 | 17 (24.3) | 13 (23.2) | 4 (28.6) | |
3 | 5 (7.1) | 3 (5.4) | 2 (14.3) | |
4 | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Variable | Total N (%) | Male N (%) | Female N (%) | χ2 (p-Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Exercise ideas | 2.9 (0.4) | |||
Not at all useful | 2 (2.9) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (7.1) | |
Little useful | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 2 (2.9) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (7.1) | |
Quite useful | 7 (10) | 5 (8.9) | 2 (14.3) | |
Very useful | 59 (84.3) | 49 (87.5) | 10 (71.4) | |
Exercise prompts | 14.7 (0.005) * | |||
Not at all useful | 3 (4.3) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (7.1) | |
Little useful | 6 (8.6) | 6 (8.6) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 7 (10) | 2 (3.6) | 5 (35.7) | |
Quite useful | 3 (4.3) | 3 (5.4) | 0 (0) | |
Very useful | 51 (72.9) | 43 (76.8) | 8 (57.1) | |
Exercise programme taught by a virtual therapist | 3.4 (0.48) | |||
Not at all useful | 6 (8.6) | 4 (7.1) | 2 (14.3) | |
Little useful | 8 (11.4) | 5 (8.9) | 3 (21.4) | |
Somewhat useful | 6 (8.6) | 5 (8.9) | 1 (37.1) | |
Quite useful | 4 (5.7) | 4 (7.1) | 0 (0) | |
Very useful | 46 (65.7) | 38 (67.9) | 8 (57.1) | |
Information on local exercise opportunities | 4.2 (0.37) | |||
Not at all useful | 6 (8.6) | 6 (10.7) | 0 (0) | |
Little useful | 2 (2.9) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (7.1) | |
Somewhat useful | 8 (11.4) | 5 (8.9) | 3 (21.4) | |
Quite useful | 12 (17.1) | 10 (17.9) | 2 (14.3) | |
Very useful | 42 (60) | 34 (60.7) | 8 (57.1) | |
Healthy meal ideas and recipes | 8.3 (0.015) * | |||
Not at all useful | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | |
Little useful | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 8 (11.4) | 7 (12.5) | 1 (7.1) | |
Quite useful | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Very useful | 60 (85.7) | 49 (87.5) | 11 (78.6) | |
Practical ideas to manage stress | 6.6 (0.036) * | |||
Not at all useful | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (7.1) | |
Little useful | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 0 (0) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (14.3) | |
Quite useful | 4 (5.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Very useful | 65 (92.9) | 54 (96.4) | 11 (78.6) | |
Setting goals | 2.2 (0.68) | |||
Not at all useful | 2 (2.9) | 2 (3.6) | 0 (0) | |
Little useful | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 7 (10) | 5 (8.9) | 2 (14.3) | |
Quite useful | 13 (18.6) | 9 (16.1) | 4 (28.6) | |
Very useful | 47 (67.1) | 39 (69.6) | 8 (57.1) | |
Steps to achieve goals | 2.0 (0.73) | |||
Not at all useful | 5 (7.1) | 5 (8.9) | 0 (0) | |
Little useful | 4 (5.7) | 4 (5.4) | 1 (7.1) | |
Somewhat useful | 3 (4.3) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (7.1) | |
Quite useful | 20 (28.6) | 15 (26.8) | 5 (35.7) | |
Very useful | 38 (54.3) | 31 (55.4) | 7 (50) | |
How to overcome cigarette cravings | 0.6 (0.95) | |||
Not at all useful | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | |
Little useful | 3 (4.3) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (7.1) | |
Somewhat useful | 6 (8.6) | 5 (8.9) | 1 (7.1) | |
Quite useful | 16 (22.9) | 13 (23.2) | 3 (21.4) | |
Very useful | 44 (62.9) | 35 (62.5) | 9 (64.3) | |
How to remember to take your medications | 1.9 (0.74) | |||
Not at all useful | 6 (8.6) | 6 (10.7) | 0 (0) | |
Little useful | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 14 (20) | 11 (19.6) | 3 (21.4) | |
Quite useful | 9 (12.9) | 7 (12.5) | 2 (14.3) | |
Very useful | 40 (57.1) | 31 (55.4) | 9 (64.3) | |
Healthy eating tips for takeaways and dining out | 4.1 (0.39) | |||
Not at all useful | 7 (10) | 7 (12.5) | 0 (0) | |
Little useful | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 10 (14.3) | 9 (16.1) | 1 (7.1) | |
Quite useful | 12 (17.1) | 10 (17.9) | 2 (14.3) | |
Very useful | 40 (57.1) | 29 (51.8) | 11 (78.6) | |
How to link up with others who are living with heart disease | 3.7 (0.29) | |||
Not at all useful | 46 (65.7) | 39 (69.6) | 7 (50) | |
Little useful | 3 (4.3) | 3 (5.4) | 0 (0) | |
Somewhat useful | 9 (12.9) | 6 (10.7) | 3 (21.4) | |
Quite useful | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Very useful | 12 (17.1) | 8 (14.3) | 4 (28.6) |
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Marques-Sule, E.; Sempere-Rubio, N.; Esparcia-Sánchez, S.; Deka, P.; Sentandreu-Mañó, T.; Sánchez-González, J.L.; Klompstra, L.; Moreno-Segura, N. Physical Therapy Programs in Older Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: Preferences to Technology-Based Cardiac Physical Therapy Programs. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13130. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013130
Marques-Sule E, Sempere-Rubio N, Esparcia-Sánchez S, Deka P, Sentandreu-Mañó T, Sánchez-González JL, Klompstra L, Moreno-Segura N. Physical Therapy Programs in Older Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: Preferences to Technology-Based Cardiac Physical Therapy Programs. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13130. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013130
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarques-Sule, Elena, Nuria Sempere-Rubio, Sergio Esparcia-Sánchez, Pallav Deka, Trinidad Sentandreu-Mañó, Juan Luis Sánchez-González, Leonie Klompstra, and Noemí Moreno-Segura. 2022. "Physical Therapy Programs in Older Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: Preferences to Technology-Based Cardiac Physical Therapy Programs" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13130. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013130