The Effect of Chronic Disease and Mental Health on Sleep Quality among Migrant Elderly Following Children in Weifang City, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Measurement
2.1.1. Sociodemographic Characteristics
2.1.2. Chronic Disease Status
2.1.3. Mental Health
2.1.4. Sleep Quality
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participants’ Characteristic
3.2. Chronic Disease and Mental Health with Sleep Quality
3.3. The Association between Chronic Disease, Mental Health, and Sleep Quality
4. Discussion
4.1. Sleep Quality Profile of MEFC in Weifang, China
4.2. Association between Sociodemographic Variables and Sleep Quality
4.3. Association between Chronic Disease and Sleep Quality
4.4. Association between Mental Health and Sleep Quality
4.5. Implications
4.6. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | N (%) | Sleep Quality | χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poor | Good | ||||
Total | 613 (100.0) | 112 (18.3) | 501 (81.7) | ||
Age (years) | 3.847 | 0.146 | |||
60–69 | 486 (79.3) | 85 (17.5) | 401 (82.5) | ||
70–79 | 103 (16.8) | 19 (18.4) | 84 (81.6) | ||
80+ | 24 (3.9) | 8 (33.3) | 16 (66.7) | ||
Sex | 12.741 | <0.001 | |||
Male | 165 (26.9) | 15 (9.1) | 150 (90.9) | ||
Female | 448 (73.1) | 97 (21.7) | 351 (78.3) | ||
Hukou | 0.384 | 0.536 | |||
Rural | 525 (85.6) | 98 (18.7) | 427 (81.3) | ||
Urban | 88 (14.4) | 14 (15.9) | 74 (84.1) | ||
Working Status | 3.595 | 0.166 | |||
Employment | 53 (8.6) | 9 (17.0) | 44 (83.0) | ||
Retired | 126 (20.6) | 16 (12.7) | 110 (87.3) | ||
Unemployment | 434 (70.8) | 87 (20.0) | 347 (80.0) | ||
Migration Willing | 4.472 | 0.107 | |||
Unwilling | 56 (9.1) | 16 (28.6) | 40 (71.4) | ||
Fair | 45 (7.3) | 7 (15.6) | 38 (84.4) | ||
Willing | 512 (83.5) | 89 (17.4) | 423 (82.6) | ||
Migration Reason | 0.252 | 0.616 | |||
Taking care of grandchildren | 533 (86.9) | 99 (18.6) | 434 (81.4) | ||
Not taking care of grandchildren | 80 (13.1) | 13 (16.3) | 67 (83.8) | ||
BMI | 2.974 | 0.390 | |||
Underweight | 12 (2.0) | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | ||
Normal | 241 (39.3) | 52 (21.6) | 189 (78.4) | ||
Overweight | 290 (47.3) | 48 (16.6) | 242 (83.4) | ||
Obesity | 70 (11.4) | 10 (14.3) | 60 (85.7) | ||
Marital Status | 7.400 | 0.007 | |||
Married | 539 (87.9) | 90 (16.7) | 449 (83.3) | ||
Single | 74 (12.1) | 22 (29.7) | 52 (70.3) | ||
Education Level | 1.384 | 0.709 | |||
Illiterate | 161 (26.3) | 34 (21.1) | 127 (78.9) | ||
Primary school | 185 (30.2) | 31 (16.8) | 154 (83.2) | ||
Junior high school | 158 (25.8) | 29 (18.4) | 129 (81.6) | ||
High school and above | 109 (17.8) | 18 (16.5) | 91 (83.5) | ||
Source of Living Expenses | 8.089 | 0.015 | |||
Own | 214 (34.9) | 29 (13.6) | 185 (86.4) | ||
Spouse and children | 393 (64.1) | 80 (20.4) | 313 (79.6) | ||
Others | 6 (1.0) | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | ||
Monthly Family Income Compared with Others Around | 18.690 | <0.001 | |||
Lower | 282 (46.0) | 69 (24.5) | 213 (75.5) | ||
Fair | 265 (43.2) | 40 (15.1) | 225 (84.9) | ||
Higher | 66 (10.8) | 3 (4.5) | 63 (95.5) |
Variables | N (%) | Sleep Quality | χ2 | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poor | Good | |||||
Total | 613 (100.0) | 112 (18.3) | 501 (81.7) | |||
Mental Health | Depression | 30.399 | <0.001 | |||
Yes | 42 (6.9) | 21 (50.0) | 21 (50.0) | |||
No | 571 (93.1) | 91 (15.9) | 480 (84.1) | |||
Anxiety | 32.056 | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 47 (7.7) | 23 (48.9) | 24 (51.1) | |||
No | 566 (92.3) | 89 (15.7) | 477 (84.3) | |||
Stress | 16.943 | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 21 (3.4) | 11 (52.4) | 10 (47.6) | |||
No | 592 (96.6) | 101 (17.1) | 491 (82.9) | |||
Chronic Diseases | Chronic Diseases | 592 (96.6) | 101 (17.1) | 491 (82.9) | ||
Zero | 8.302 | 0.016 | ||||
One chronic disease | 351 (57.3) | 52 (14.8) | 299 (85.2) | |||
Multimorbidity | 170 (27.7) | 35 (20.6) | 135 (70.4) |
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic | Model 1 + Chronic Disease | Model 2 + Mental Health | |||||||
OR | 95%CI | p | OR | 95%CI | p | OR | 95%CI | p | |
Sex | |||||||||
Female | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Male | 0.424 | 0.230–0.782 | 0.006 | 0.395 | 0.213–0.734 | 0.003 | 0.334 | 0.172–0.649 | 0.001 |
Marital Status | |||||||||
Single | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Married | 0.534 | 0.304–0.937 | 0.029 | 0.561 | 0.318–0.989 | 0.046 | 0.638 | 0.350–1.164 | 0.143 |
Source of Living Expense | |||||||||
Others | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Spouse and children | 0.249 | 0.045–1.366 | 0.109 | 0.242 | 0.044–1.330 | 0.103 | 0.277 | 0.047–1.650 | 0.159 |
Own | 0.246 | 0.046–1.305 | 0.099 | 0.245 | 0.046–1.300 | 0.098 | 0.308 | 0.054–1.762 | 0.186 |
Monthly Family Income Compared with Others Around | |||||||||
Higher | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Similar | 5.315 | 1.547–17.942 | 0.007 | 5.162 | 1.520–17.532 | 0.009 | 3.730 | 1.089–12.780 | 0.036 |
Lower | 3.205 | 0.945–10.872 | 0.062 | 3.213 | 0.943–10.949 | 0.062 | 2.601 | 0.759–8.913 | 0.128 |
Chronic Diseases | |||||||||
Zero | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||||
One chronic disease | 1.618 | 01.990–2.645 | 0.055 | 1.321 | 0.788–2.215 | 0.291 | |||
Multimorbidity | 2.158 | 1.219–3.820 | 0.008 | 1.961 | 1.079–3.564 | 0.027 | |||
Depression | |||||||||
No | 1.0 | ||||||||
Yes | 3.630 | 1.547–8.519 | 0.003 | ||||||
Anxiety | |||||||||
No | 1.0 | ||||||||
Yes | 2.321 | 1.075–5.012 | 0.032 | ||||||
Stress | |||||||||
No | 1.0 | ||||||||
Yes | 1.274 | 0.398–4.083 | 0.683 |
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Wang, J.; Qin, W.; Pang, M.; Zhao, B.; Xu, J.; Li, S.; Kong, F. The Effect of Chronic Disease and Mental Health on Sleep Quality among Migrant Elderly Following Children in Weifang City, China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912734
Wang J, Qin W, Pang M, Zhao B, Xu J, Li S, Kong F. The Effect of Chronic Disease and Mental Health on Sleep Quality among Migrant Elderly Following Children in Weifang City, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912734
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Jieru, Wen Qin, Mingli Pang, Bo Zhao, Jing Xu, Shixue Li, and Fanlei Kong. 2022. "The Effect of Chronic Disease and Mental Health on Sleep Quality among Migrant Elderly Following Children in Weifang City, China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912734