Male Farmers’ Perspectives on Psychological Wellbeing Self-Management Strategies That Work for Them and How Barriers to Seeking Professional Mental Health Assistance Could Be Overcome
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedures and Materials
2.3. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
- Topic 1: Self-Management Strategies
3.1. Interacting with a Supportive Network
3.1.1. Spending Time with Friends
“Call on friends, or just go in and check it out and chat with people and get a break from everything like that.” P4
3.1.2. Spending Time with Family
“Yeah, talk to my wife, she is pretty good at bringing it into perspective and not after solutions, just agreeing with you sometimes, you know.” P8
3.1.3. Having Community Support
“Give a helping hand or bring people along with us and if we are having a good run… we as a rural community, we need to go together because a rising tide lifts all ships.” P12
3.2. Involvement in Groups and Teams
“By doing something like joining an exercise group or playing a sport that’s suited to your age, you get that social connection as well as exercise… you tend to talk more openly about things.” P5
3.3. Physical Activity
“Sport would be the number one thing at the moment, like Wednesdays and Saturdays… get to go and play footy.” P9
3.4. Proactively Educating Themselves
3.4.1. Mental Health Education Events
“Men’s health night, I think it’s the way to go. It’s all different knowledge and they can sort of get on to a number of subjects.” P1
3.4.2. Listening to Educational Media
“There is no reason you can’t have a podcast going and actually do that education and self-help yourself.” P5
3.4.3. Reading Educational Media
“Reading the paper, farm papers and magazines and checking out interesting stories on the computer.” P15
3.5. Self-Prioritising and Deliberately Maintaining Work–Life Balance
3.5.1. Spectating at Live Sporting Events
“I do like going out, this time of the year and watching my son play footy and mixing with other people.” P1
3.5.2. Having Hobbies
“Family time and just having a bit of a break from the farm, whether it’s riding motorbikes or doing something like that.” P10
3.5.3. Spending Time Away from the Farm
“Go and see someone that has got nothing to do with farming. Go visit a mate or something and sit back and have a laugh and when you come back you see things different. If you’re living where you work, it’s always around you so you just need to get out of it for a bit.” P5
3.6. Being Grateful
“Start to appreciate what you got. So, actually try and be thankful for what you do have, and not be bitter about what you don’t have, and that establishes a lot better mental health.” P5
3.7. Focusing on the Controllable Aspects of Farming
“I know I did what I can do, I’m over it, it doesn’t hang on you know? Like I can’t sweat about stuff I can’t change.” P11
- Topic 2: Overcoming Barriers to Help-Seeking
3.8. Actively Welcoming Mental Health Professionals into the Community
“The other issue is that we’ve got to use it or the funding will be revoked… We need to take it upon ourselves to integrate them into the community rather than be scared of them… and before you know it… more people will start speaking with them.” P5
3.9. Normalising Help-Seeking
“It needs to be conversations… we need to hear first-hand that, you know, our neighbours struggling as well… the more we start sharing, the more people are going to start going right, well, actually, this is something that is normal.” P12
3.10. Making Seeking Mental Health Assistance a Priority
3.10.1. Planning to Seek Help
“You’ve got to be good at planning… I understand the farming environment, but there’s things you can’t miss… just take the time before that to prepare it.” P5
3.10.2. Persistence to Continuously Engage with Mental Health Services until a Suitable Service Is Found
“You’ve got to be committed when you want a result from help-seeking… keep on going until you find the right one… from the country, you don’t have as many choices.” P11
3.10.3. Prioritising Their Own Wellbeing
“Maybe educating that point that there are bigger things out there than the cost of (seeking mental health help). If you think that this is expensive, wait until you lose half of everything from a divorce or something like that. It needs to be put into perspective.” P8
3.11. Offering Services That Are Culturally Appropriate and Accessible for Male Farmers
“Someone who can remotely understand you and what you’re talking about. I doubt someone from a uni degree, unless they grew up on a farm, and are travelling all the way out here to have a chat… I personally almost look at that as a waste of time. I wouldn’t even give it a go.” P7
“I don’t think (farmers) would distrust the actual (mental health professional) themselves… but more of the waiting room and everyone knows everyone… just the availability of people in the field, whether it’s like the use of technology like mobile phones, or now like zoom meetings… just a weekly check in… rather than taking a whole day off you could just have a smaller amount of time dedicated to it more frequently, remotely or something like that” P3
3.12. Tailoring Mental Health Information Delivery to Farming Populations
“Get (mental health information) out by existing networks… I think it needs to be delivered by the right person in the right manner, or the right organisation in the right manner. I think you need to speak the farmer’s language… using humour to cut across something that is reasonably serious.” P8
4. Discussion
5. Limitations and Future Research
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Category | Number |
---|---|---|
Age (mean years) | 39 | |
Age (range years) | 23–74 | |
Years of farming experience (mean years) | 20 | |
Years of farming experience (range years) | 5–57 | |
ARIA+ remoteness area | Outer regional | 3 |
Remote | 9 | |
Very remote | 3 |
Theme | Subtheme |
---|---|
(b) Interacting with a supportive network | Spending time with friends |
Spending time with family | |
Having community support | |
(b) Involvement in groups and teams | |
(b) Physical activity | |
(b) Proactively educating themselves | Mental health education events |
Listening to educational media | |
Reading educational media | |
(d) Self-prioritising and deliberately maintaining work–life balance | Spectating at live sporting events |
Having hobbies | |
Spending time away from the farm | |
(c) Being grateful | |
(c) Focusing on the controllable aspects of farming |
Theme | Subtheme |
---|---|
Actively welcoming mental health professionals into the community | |
Normalising help-seeking | |
Making seeking mental health assistance a priority | Planning to seek help |
Persistence to continuously engage with mental health services until a suitable service is found | |
Prioritising their own wellbeing | |
Offering services that are culturally appropriate and accessible for male farmers | |
Tailoring mental health information delivery to farming populations |
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Woolford, D.D.; Smout, M.F.; Turnbull, D.; Gunn, K.M. Male Farmers’ Perspectives on Psychological Wellbeing Self-Management Strategies That Work for Them and How Barriers to Seeking Professional Mental Health Assistance Could Be Overcome. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12247. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912247
Woolford DD, Smout MF, Turnbull D, Gunn KM. Male Farmers’ Perspectives on Psychological Wellbeing Self-Management Strategies That Work for Them and How Barriers to Seeking Professional Mental Health Assistance Could Be Overcome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12247. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912247
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoolford, Dale D., Matthew F. Smout, Deborah Turnbull, and Kate M. Gunn. 2022. "Male Farmers’ Perspectives on Psychological Wellbeing Self-Management Strategies That Work for Them and How Barriers to Seeking Professional Mental Health Assistance Could Be Overcome" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12247. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912247