Waterborne and Dietary Bioaccumulation of Organophosphate Esters in Zooplankton Daphnia magna
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Organisms
2.2. S. obliquus Exposure to OPEs
2.3. D. magna Waterborne Exposure to OPEs
2.4. D. magna Dietary Exposure to OPEs
2.5. Sample Preparation
2.6. Chemical Analysis and Quality Assurance and Control
2.7. Toxicokinetics Model
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Accumulation of OPEs in D. magna via Waterborne Route
3.2. Accumulation of OPEs in D. magna via Dietary Route
3.3. Relative Importance of Waterborne and Dietary Routes to the Accumulation of OPEs in D. magna
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Measured Exposure Concentration (μg/L) | Waterborne Exposure | Dietary Exposure | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ku1 (L kg−1 h−1) | kd1 (h−1) | t 1/2 (h) | BCF (L kg−1) | ku2 (h−1) | kd2 (h−1) | BMF | ||
TCEP | 21.72 | 3.39 | 0.12 | 6.03 | 29.48 | 5.82 | 16.41 | 0.35 |
116.67 | 5.78 | 0.17 | 4.13 | 34.40 | 1.05 | 1.71 | 0.61 | |
TDCPP | 17.07 | 16.04 | 0.16 | 4.36 | 100.86 | 0.06 | 0.38 | 0.17 |
124.22 | 23.22 | 0.11 | 6.60 | 221.14 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.22 | |
TBOEP | 16.71 | 0.57 | 0.16 | 4.28 | 3.52 | 0.53 | 3.59 | 0.15 |
135.67 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 5.33 | 1.29 | 0.25 | 3.82 | 0.07 | |
TPHP | 16.29 | 21.15 | 0.10 | 6.66 | 203.37 | 0.09 | 2.05 | 0.04 |
99.06 | 138.80 | 0.09 | 7.88 | 1577.27 | 0.29 | 3.88 | 0.07 |
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Liu, W.; Zhang, H.; Ding, J.; He, W.; Zhu, L.; Feng, J. Waterborne and Dietary Bioaccumulation of Organophosphate Esters in Zooplankton Daphnia magna. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9382. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159382
Liu W, Zhang H, Ding J, He W, Zhu L, Feng J. Waterborne and Dietary Bioaccumulation of Organophosphate Esters in Zooplankton Daphnia magna. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(15):9382. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159382
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Wenxin, Hong Zhang, Jiaqi Ding, Wanyu He, Lin Zhu, and Jianfeng Feng. 2022. "Waterborne and Dietary Bioaccumulation of Organophosphate Esters in Zooplankton Daphnia magna" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15: 9382. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159382