Health Related Behaviors and Life Satisfaction in Patients Undergoing Infertility Treatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Ethical Consideration
2.3. Tools
2.3.1. Personal Information Form (PIF)
2.3.2. Health Behaviors Inventory (HBI)
2.3.3. The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)
2.4. Course of the Study
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | % | |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Female | 235 | 51.5 |
Male | 221 | 48.5 |
Age (years) | ||
24–29 | 89 | 19.5 |
30–34 | 170 | 37.3 |
35–39 | 144 | 31.6 |
40 and more | 53 | 11.6 |
Place of residence | ||
Urban | 248 | 54.4 |
Rural | 208 | 45.6 |
Level of education | ||
Primary | 3 | 0.7 |
Vocational | 34 | 7.5 |
Secondary | 124 | 27.2 |
Higher | 295 | 64.7 |
Duration of the relationship (years) | ||
To 5 | 87 | 19.1 |
6–9 | 181 | 39.7 |
10–14 | 128 | 28.1 |
15 and more | 60 | 13.2 |
Duration of attempts to conceive (years) | ||
1–2 | 150 | 32.9 |
3–4 | 159 | 34.9 |
5–6 | 89 | 19.5 |
7 and more | 58 | 12.7 |
Infertility type | ||
Primary | 379 | 83.1 |
Secondary | 77 | 16.9 |
Reason of infertility | ||
Known | 232 | 50.9 |
Unknown | 224 | 49.1 |
ART used so far | ||
IUI | 134 | 29.4 |
IVF | 48 | 10.5 |
IVF ICSI | 38 | 8.4 |
Other | 7 | 1.5 |
None | 273 | 50.2 |
Intensity of Health Behaviors (Points) | |||||||
CEH | PB | PMA | HP | Intensity of Health Behaviors (Points) | |||
M | 3.35 | 3.52 | 3.55 | 3.41 | 82.96 | ||
SD | 0.73 | 0.72 | 0.60 | 0.64 | 12.69 | ||
Min. | 1.33 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 1.17 | 43.00 | ||
Max. | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 115.00 | ||
Percentile | 25 | 2.83 | 3.00 | 3.17 | 3.00 | 75.00 | |
50 | 3.33 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 83.00 | ||
75 | 3.83 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 3.83 | 92.00 | ||
Intensity of Health Behaviors (Sten Norms) | |||||||
Frequency | Percentage | Percentage of valid | Cumulative percentage | ||||
Valid | Low | 106 | 23.2 | 23.2 | 23.2 | ||
Medium | 212 | 46.5 | 46.5 | 69.7 | |||
High | 138 | 30.3 | 30.3 | 100.0 | |||
Total | 456 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
SWLS (5–35) | SWLS Sten (1–10) | ||||
M | 24.11 | 6.82 | |||
SD | 5.26 | 1.91 | |||
Min. | 5 | 1 | |||
Max. | 35 | 10 | |||
Percentile | 25 | 21.00 | 6.00 | ||
50 | 25.00 | 7.00 | |||
75 | 28.00 | 8.00 | |||
The Scale of Life Satisfaction (Sten Norms) | |||||
Frequency | Percentage | Percentage of valid | Cumulative percentage | ||
Valid | Low | 50 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 |
Medium | 143 | 31.4 | 31.4 | 42.3 | |
High | 263 | 57.6 | 57.6 | 100.0 | |
Total | 456 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Gender | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | Men | ||||
Intensity of health behaviors | Low | n | 44 | 62 | 106 |
% | 18.7% | 28.1% | 23.2% | ||
Medium | n | 102 | 110 | 212 | |
% | 43.4% | 49.8% | 46.5% | ||
High | n | 89 | 49 | 138 | |
% | 37.9% | 22.2% | 30.3% | ||
Total | n | 235 | 221 | 456 | |
% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
χ2 = 14.537; p = 0.0007 * |
Gender | CEH | PB | PMA | HP | GHBI (24–120) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | M | 3.59 | 3.83 | 3.61 | 3.62 | 87.94 |
Me | 3.67 | 3.83 | 3.67 | 3.67 | 88.00 | |
Min. | 1.50 | 2.33 | 2.17 | 2.00 | 49.00 | |
Max. | 5.00 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 5.00 | 115.00 | |
SD | 0.67 | 0.57 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 10.96 | |
Men | M | 3.10 | 3.18 | 3.48 | 3.19 | 77.67 |
Me | 3.00 | 3.17 | 3.50 | 3.17 | 78.00 | |
Min. | 1.33 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 1.17 | 43.00 | |
Max. | 5.00 | 4.67 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 110.00 | |
SD | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.62 | 0.64 | 12.29 | |
Total | M | 3.35 | 3.52 | 3.55 | 3.41 | 82.96 |
Me | 3.33 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 83.00 | |
Min. | 1.33 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 1.17 | 43.00 | |
Max. | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 115.00 | |
SD | 073 | 0.72 | 0.60 | 0.64 | 12.69 | |
p * | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0151 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Gender | Gender | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | Men | ||||
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) | Low | n | 33 | 17 | 50 |
% | 14.0% | 7.7% | 11.0% | ||
Medium | n | 69 | 74 | 143 | |
% | 29.4% | 33.5% | 31.4% | ||
High | n | 133 | 130 | 263 | |
% | 56.6% | 58.8% | 57.7% | ||
Total | n | 235 | 221 | 456 | |
% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
χ2 = 4.904; p = 0.0861 * |
Women (n = 235) | Men (n = 221) | Total (n = 456) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SWLS (5–35) | SWLS (1–10) | SWLS (5–35) | SWLS (1–10) | SWLS (5–35) | SWLS (1–10) | ||
M | 23.80 | 6.71 | 24.43 | 6.93 | 24.11 | 6.82 | |
SD | 5.43 | 1.95 | 5.05 | 1.87 | 5.26 | 1.91 | |
Min. | 5 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | |
Max. | 35 | 10 | 35 | 10 | 35 | 10 | |
Percentile | Q1 | 20 | 5 | 21 | 6 | 21 | 6 |
Q2 (median) | 24 | 7 | 25 | 7 | 25 | 7 | |
Q3 | 28 | 8 | 28 | 8 | 28 | 8 |
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | Medium | High | ||||
Intensity of health behaviors | Low | n | 23 | 44 | 39 | 106 |
% | 46.0% | 30.8% | 14.8% | 23.2% | ||
Medium | n | 18 | 73 | 121 | 212 | |
% | 36.0% | 51.0% | 46.0% | 46.5% | ||
High | n | 9 | 26 | 103 | 138 | |
% | 18.0% | 18.2% | 39.2% | 30.3% | ||
Total | n | 50 | 143 | 263 | 456 | |
% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100,.0% | 100.0% | ||
χ2 = 40.735; p < 0.0001 * |
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Nagórska, M.; Lesińska-Sawicka, M.; Obrzut, B.; Ulman, D.; Darmochwał-Kolarz, D.; Zych, B. Health Related Behaviors and Life Satisfaction in Patients Undergoing Infertility Treatment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159188
Nagórska M, Lesińska-Sawicka M, Obrzut B, Ulman D, Darmochwał-Kolarz D, Zych B. Health Related Behaviors and Life Satisfaction in Patients Undergoing Infertility Treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(15):9188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159188
Chicago/Turabian StyleNagórska, Małgorzata, Małgorzata Lesińska-Sawicka, Bogdan Obrzut, Dariusz Ulman, Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz, and Barbara Zych. 2022. "Health Related Behaviors and Life Satisfaction in Patients Undergoing Infertility Treatment" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15: 9188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159188