Community Support for Persons with Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Gaps in access to community support services;
- Key barriers to the provision of disability community support services;
- Formal and informal strategies and interventions for the provision of disability community support across the life cycle and different life domains;
- Strategies and interventions for community support led by Organisations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs); and
- Gaps in knowledge and suggestions for future research.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Searching of the Peer-Reviewed Literature
2.2. Searching of the Grey Literature
2.3. Analysis
- Target population impairment type;
- Country;
- Ecological level (individual, family, community, or policy and environment).
2.4. Synthesis
3. Results
4. Limitations
5. Discussion
5.1. Individual Level
- Access to available and continuous rehabilitation services local to where persons with disabilities live;
- State welfare or other financial support;
- Information for parents of children with disabilities about disability and how to provide care and opportunities for their child;
- Support for childcare among parents of children with disabilities;
- Social support and other social resources;
- Support for activities required for inclusion in society (e.g., communicating, doing housework, working outside, making friends); and
- Support to pursue employment opportunities in line with personal preferences.
5.2. Family Level
5.3. Community Level
5.4. Policy and Environment Level
5.5. Cross-Cutting Issues
5.6. Key Findings
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Example Domain of Support | Description | Examples |
---|---|---|
Communication | Support to overcome barriers that limit the ability to communicate and be understood. | e.g., sign language interpretation, tactile interpretation |
Decision making | Support to make decisions and exercise legal capacity. | e.g., support agreements, peer support, self-advocacy support |
Mobility | Support for personal mobility and access to affordable and available quality mobility assistance. | e.g., assistance animals, point-to-point transport For this review, assistive devices are not included. |
Assistance with daily living activities | Support to assist persons with disabilities in a one-to-one relationship to perform daily life activities, including Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). | e.g., full or part-time professional personal assistance, third-person support allowance |
Housing and accommodation | Support with housing and living arrangements, including home modifications. | e.g., housing information and assistance, home support, supported living services |
Family support | Support to families and persons with disabilities around family, informal support for persons with disabilities, community engagement | e.g., awareness-raising, peer support groups |
Ecological Level | Topic |
---|---|
Individual level | Barriers to participation |
Unmet needs for assistance | |
Human support and peer support | |
Documentation of specific programmes | |
Family level | Needs among caregivers |
Caregiver programmes | |
Community level | Community-based rehabilitation as location |
Community-based rehabilitation as holistic strategy role of OPDs | |
Policy and environmental level | Social protection |
Policy and systems |
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Hunt, X.; Bradshaw, M.; Vogel, S.L.; Encalada, A.V.; Eksteen, S.; Schneider, M.; Chunga, K.; Swartz, L. Community Support for Persons with Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 8269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148269
Hunt X, Bradshaw M, Vogel SL, Encalada AV, Eksteen S, Schneider M, Chunga K, Swartz L. Community Support for Persons with Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(14):8269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148269
Chicago/Turabian StyleHunt, Xanthe, Melissa Bradshaw, Steyn Lodewyk Vogel, Alberto Vasquez Encalada, Shanice Eksteen, Marguerite Schneider, Kelly Chunga, and Leslie Swartz. 2022. "Community Support for Persons with Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14: 8269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148269