Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees

Fernández-Ruiz, Vicente; López-Samanes, Álvaro; Del Coso, Juan; Pino-Ortega, José; Sánchez-Sánchez, Javier; Terrón-Manrique, Pablo; Beato, Marco; Moreno-Pérez, Víctor

doi:10.3390/ijerph182211941

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees

by

Vicente Fernández-Ruiz

¹,

Álvaro López-Samanes

^1,*

,

Juan Del Coso

²

,

José Pino-Ortega

³,

Javier Sánchez-Sánchez

^4,5

,

Pablo Terrón-Manrique

¹,

Marco Beato

⁶

and

Víctor Moreno-Pérez

^7,8

¹

Exercise Physiology Group, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain

²

Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain

³

Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain

⁴

Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain

⁵

Comité Técnico de Árbitros (CTA) de la Real Federación Española de Fútbol (RFEF), 28230 Las Rozas, Spain

⁶

School of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Suffolk, Ipswich IP4 1QJ, UK

⁷

Sports Research Center, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain

⁸

Center for Translational Research in Physiotherapy, Department of Pathology and Surgery, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03550 Alicante, Spain

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(22), 11941; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211941

Submission received: 2 September 2021 / Revised: 24 October 2021 / Accepted: 10 November 2021 / Published: 13 November 2021

(This article belongs to the Collection Injuries in Sports: Epidemiology, Identification, Prevention, Treatment, and Return to Play)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the acute effect of officiating a football (soccer) match on isometric knee flexion strength and passive hip flexion range-of-motion (ROM) in referees and assistant football referees. Twelve referees (25.3 ± 3.3 years) and twenty-three assistant referees (25.1 ± 4.8 years) underwent measurements on isometric knee flexion strength and passive hip flexion ROM before and after officiating an official football match. Referees’ and assistant referees’ running patterns were monitored during the match using GPS technology. In comparison to pre-match values, referees reduced their isometric knee flexion strength (−12.36%, p = 0.046, Effect size [ES] = −0.36) in the non-dominant limb, while no significant differences were reported in the dominant limb (−0.75%, p = 0.833, ES = −0.02). No effect of the match was found in hip flexion ROM values in dominant (−4.78%, p = 0.102, ES = −0.15) and non-dominant limb (5.54%, p = 0.544, ES = 0.19). In assistant referees, the pre-to-post-match changes in isometric knee flexion strength (dominant limb −3.10%, p = 0.323, ES = −0.13; non-dominant limb −2.18%, p = 0.980, ES= 0.00) and hip flexion ROM (dominant limb 1.90% p = −0.816, ES = 0.13; non-dominant limb 3.22% p = 0.051, ES = 0.23) did not reach statistical significance. Officiating a match provoked a reduction in isometric knee flexion strength in the non-dominant limb of football referees, while no differences were reported in assistant referees.

Keywords: soccer; fatigue; match competition; physical demands; muscle injury

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fernández-Ruiz, V.; López-Samanes, Á.; Del Coso, J.; Pino-Ortega, J.; Sánchez-Sánchez, J.; Terrón-Manrique, P.; Beato, M.; Moreno-Pérez, V. Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11941. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211941

AMA Style

Fernández-Ruiz V, López-Samanes Á, Del Coso J, Pino-Ortega J, Sánchez-Sánchez J, Terrón-Manrique P, Beato M, Moreno-Pérez V. Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(22):11941. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211941

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernández-Ruiz, Vicente, Álvaro López-Samanes, Juan Del Coso, José Pino-Ortega, Javier Sánchez-Sánchez, Pablo Terrón-Manrique, Marco Beato, and Víctor Moreno-Pérez. 2021. "Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22: 11941. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211941

APA Style

Fernández-Ruiz, V., López-Samanes, Á., Del Coso, J., Pino-Ortega, J., Sánchez-Sánchez, J., Terrón-Manrique, P., Beato, M., & Moreno-Pérez, V. (2021). Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 11941. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211941

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Influence of Football Match-Play on Isometric Knee Flexion Strength and Passive Hip Flexion Range of Motion in Football Referees and Assistant Referees

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