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Volume 18
Issue 22
10.3390/ijerph182211934
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Article

Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Faith Miaomiao Zheng
1,
Iliana Gehui Yan
1,
Duangporn Duangthip
1,
Sherry Shiqian Gao
2,
Edward Chin Man Lo
1 and
Chun Hung Chu
1,*
1
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
2
Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(22), 11934; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211934
Submission received: 18 October 2021 / Revised: 10 November 2021 / Accepted: 12 November 2021 / Published: 13 November 2021
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Abstract

This cross-sectional survey investigated untreated early childhood caries (ECC) and its associated factors among 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. Children were recruited using a multistage sampling method. One dentist examined the children in kindergarten to diagnose untreated ECC (dt) at the cavitation level. Each child’s demographic information, snacking behaviour, and oral health-related practice were collected using a parental questionnaire. The relationships between the untreated ECC and demographic information, snacking behaviours, and oral health-–related practice were analysed by zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression analysis. This survey recruited 404 children. Their dt score was 2.8 ± 3.8. The significant untreated ECC (SiUC) index, which was one-third of the children with the highest dt score, was 7.1 ± 3.6. Their untreated ECC prevalence was 57%, which was associated with the district the child lived in. Most children with untreated ECC (71%, 164/231) had never visited a dentist. Children who brushed without toothpaste had more untreated ECC. Children coming from low-income families and with a lower maternal education level had a higher risk of ECC. In conclusion, untreated ECC was prevalent and unevenly distributed among 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. Its prevalence was associated with toothpaste use, family income, maternal education level and the district they lived in.
Keywords: children; caries; prevention; kindergarten; outreach children; caries; prevention; kindergarten; outreach

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, F.M.; Yan, I.G.; Duangthip, D.; Gao, S.S.; Lo, E.C.M.; Chu, C.H. Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211934

AMA Style

Zheng FM, Yan IG, Duangthip D, Gao SS, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(22):11934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211934

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Faith Miaomiao, Iliana Gehui Yan, Duangporn Duangthip, Sherry Shiqian Gao, Edward Chin Man Lo, and Chun Hung Chu. 2021. "Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22: 11934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211934

APA Style

Zheng, F. M., Yan, I. G., Duangthip, D., Gao, S. S., Lo, E. C. M., & Chu, C. H. (2021). Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 11934. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211934

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