Effect of Case-Based Small-Group Learning on Care Workers’ Emergency Coping Abilities
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Background
1.2. Purpose
1.3. Research Hypotheses
- (1)
- The level of knowledge and performance in emergencies will be higher in the experimental group (EG; i.e., care workers who underwent the emergency coping education program) than the control group (CG).
- (2)
- Emergency coping abilities will be higher in the EG than in the CG.
- (3)
- Self-efficacy in coping with emergencies will be higher in the EG than in the CG.
- (4)
- Confidence in communication will be higher in the EG than in the CG.
2. Method
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Participants
2.3. Measurement Tools
2.3.1. Level of Knowledge and Performance in Emergencies in Long-Term Care Facilities
2.3.2. Emergency Coping Ability
2.3.3. Self-Efficacy in Coping with Emergencies
2.3.4. Confidence in Communication
2.4. Research Process
2.4.1. Analysis
2.4.2. Design
2.4.3. Development
2.5. Implementation
2.5.1. Emergency Coping Education Incorporating Case-Based Small-Group Learning
2.5.2. Lecture-Based Education
2.6. Evaluation
2.7. Data Collection
2.8. Data Analysis
- For the general characteristics of the EG and CG, percentages, means, and standard deviations were calculated.
- An independent t-test was performed for preliminary homogeneity analysis on the dependent variables of the two groups.
- The differences in the dependent variables between the two groups before and after the educational program were analyzed by an independent t-test.
2.9. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Participants’ General Characteristics and Homogeneity Testing of the Two Groups
3.2. Verification of the Difference in the Dependent Variable after Intervention
3.2.1. Hypothesis 1
3.2.2. Hypothesis 2
3.2.3. Hypothesis 3
3.2.4. Hypothesis 4
3.3. Difference between Levels of Knowledge and Performance in Emergencies at Posttest
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Modules | Learning Objectives | Lesson Contents | Time (min) | Pedagogy Strategy |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Introduction) Case-based education for improving emergency coping ability in care workers |
|
| 60 |
|
(Module 1) Older adults whose heart stopped beating |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 2) Older adults with a rice cake stuck in the throat |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 3) Older adults showing signs of reduced brain function |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 4) Older adults falling unconscious |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 5) Older adults suffering from shortness of breath |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 6) Older adults having a severe convulsion (seizure) |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 7) Older adults feeling dizzy owing to low blood sugar |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
| ||
(Module 8) Older adults falling in the living room and being unable to move |
|
| 50 |
|
| 40 |
|
Variables | Categories | Experimental Group (n = 36) n (%) or M ± SD | Control Group (n = 36) n (%) or M ± SD | χ2/t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | Average age | 60.47 ± 4.48 | 59.78 ± 4.85 | 0.631 | 0.530 |
Education | Middle school or less | 7 (19.4) | 9 (25.0) | 0.444 | 0.910 |
High school | 27 (75.0) | 24 (66.7) | |||
College or above | 2 (5.6) | 3 (8.3) | |||
Work experience | Less than 1 year | 1 (2.8) | 4 (11.1) | 3.050 | 0.569 |
1 to less than 3 years | 7 (19.4) | 5 (13.9) | |||
3 to less than 5 years | 7 (19.4) | 8 (22.2) | |||
5 to less than 10 years | 8 (22.2) | 10 (27.8) | |||
Over 10 years | 13 (36.1) | 9 (25.0) | |||
Working time | Everyday 9 to 6 | 7 (11.1) | 8 (22.2) | 0.508 | 0.776 |
Three shifts | 11 (38.9) | 8 (22.2) | |||
Part-time | 18 (50.0) | 20 (55.6) | |||
Work place | OACF | 18 (50.0) | 16 (44.4) | 0.223 | 0.637 |
HCC | 18 (50.0) | 20 (55.6) | |||
Outcome variables | |||||
Emergency situation | Knowledge level | 51.56 ± 10.57 | 48.33 ± 3.58 | 1.733 | 0.090 |
Practice level | 48.50 ± 5.42 | 46.75 ± 3.77 | 1.590 | 0.116 | |
Emergency coping ability | Basic life support | 21.42 ± 3.51 | 20.33 ± 3.66 | 1.281 | 0.204 |
General first aid | 33.64 ± 5.87 | 31.44 ± 3.26 | 1.961 | 0.054 | |
Total | 55.06 ± 8.86 | 51.78 ± 5.52 | 1.884 | 0.064 | |
Self-efficacy in coping with emergencies | 50.17 ± 10.56 | 48.06 ± 3.64 | 1.134 | 0.263 | |
Confidence in communication | 19.39 ± 5.63 | 17.06 ± 5.70 | 1.747 | 0.085 |
Variables | Groups | Pretest | Posttest | Difference | t | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||||
Emergency situation | Knowledge level | EG (n = 36) | 51.56 ± 10.57 | 72.75 ± 4.81 | 21.19 ± 13.08 | 4.379 | <0.001 * |
CG (n = 36) | 42.78 ± 4.99 | 67.08 ± 6.10 | 18.75 ± 6.52 | ||||
Performance level | EG (n = 36) | 48.50 ± 5.42 | 73.33 ± 3.62 | 24.83 ± 6.71 | 4.954 | <0.001 * | |
CG (n = 36) | 39.81 ± 5.06 | 66.56 ± 7.37 | 19.81 ± 7.07 | ||||
Emergency coping ability | Basic life support | EG (n = 36) | 21.42 ± 3.51 | 34.08 ± 3.23 | 12.67 ± 4.34 | 2.855 | 0.006 * |
CG (n = 36) | 17.56 ± 1.50 | 31.50 ± 4.37 | 11.17 ± 6.75 | ||||
General first aid | EG (n = 36) | 33.64 ± 5.87 | 51.72 ± 4.08 | 18.08 ± 6.39 | 3.592 | 0.001 * | |
CG (n = 36) | 26.42 ± 3.40 | 47.08 ± 6.59 | 15.63 ± 8.87 | ||||
Total | EG (n = 36) | 55.06 ± 8.86 | 85.81 ± 6.76 | 30.75 ± 12.72 | 3.508 | 0.001 * | |
CG (n = 36) | 43.97 ± 4.41 | 78.58 ± 10.34 | 26.80 ± 14.43 | ||||
Self-efficacy in coping with emergencies | EG (n = 36) | 50.17 ± 10.56 | 85.53 ± 12.71 | 35.36 ± 17.21 | 4.295 | <0.001 * | |
CG (n = 36) | 43.72 ± 10.82 | 69.42 ± 18.58 | 21.36 ± 17.17 | ||||
Confidence in communication | EG (n = 36) | 19.39 ± 5.63 | 33.81 ± 5.82 | 14.42 ± 7.73 | 3.085 | 0.003 | |
CG (n = 36) | 17.06 ± 5.70 | 29.08 ± 7.11 | 12.01 ± 9.34 |
Variables | Groups | Knowledge Level | Performance Level | Means Difference | t | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||||||
Differences between levels of knowledge and performance | Total | EG (n = 36) | 3.64 ± 0.24 | 3.67 ± 0.18 | 0.03 | −0.627 | 0.535 |
CG (n = 36) | 3.35 ± 0.30 | 3.33 ± 0.37 | 0.02 | 0.461 | 0.648 |
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Kim, S.-O. Effect of Case-Based Small-Group Learning on Care Workers’ Emergency Coping Abilities. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11458. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111458
Kim S-O. Effect of Case-Based Small-Group Learning on Care Workers’ Emergency Coping Abilities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(21):11458. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111458
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Soon-Ok. 2021. "Effect of Case-Based Small-Group Learning on Care Workers’ Emergency Coping Abilities" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21: 11458. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111458