Effects of Exercise on the Skin Epithelial Barrier of Young Elite Athletes-Swimming Comparatively to Non-Water Sports Training Session
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Assessments
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Participants
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Swimmers | Football Players | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
n (males) | 33 (10) | 25 (19) | 0.001 1 |
Age (years), median (IQR) | 14 (13–16) | 15 (14–16) | 0.383 |
BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 20.8 (19.5–22.2) | 20.8 (19.4–22.5) | 0.588 |
Asthma, n (%) | 1 (3.0) | 3 (12.0) | 0.609 |
Rhinitis, n (%) | 10 (30.3) | 2 (8.0) | 0.018 1 |
Atopic dermatitis, n (%) | 2 (6.1) | 1 (4.0) | 1.000 |
Allergic sensitization, n (%) | 16 (48.5) | 9 (36.0) | 0.182 |
Swimmers (n = 33) | Football Players (n = 25) | Swimmers vs. Football Players | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before (T0) | After (T1) | 30′ After (T2) | p-Value After | p-Value 30′ After | Before (T0) | After (T1) | 30′ After (T2) | p-Value After | p-Value 30′ After | p-Value After | p-Value 30′ After | |
Hand’s dorsum | 13.7 (11.8–16.3) | 22.7 (18.4–27.2) | 21.5 (18.2–24.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 17.1 (14.7–21.9) | 31.8 (17.6–39.8) | 24.0 (17.5–31.6) | 0.020 | 0.043 | 0.279 | 0.236 |
Volar forearm | 10.7 (9.2–12.9) | 19.3 (15.4–23.5) | 14.4 (12.9–16.4) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 12.7 (9.9–17.0) | 18.8 (11.4–32.0) | 18.8 (14.0–25.9) | 0.086 | 0.085 | 0.002 | 0.199 |
Antecubitis | 13.1 (11.8–15.6) | 19.6 (17.1–24.4) | 16.9 (13.6–18.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 13.2 (12.2–30.6) | 19.7 (12.5–24.9) | 19.3 (13.9–24.9) | 0.584 | 0.341 | 0.019 | 0.252 |
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Paciência, I.; Rodolfo, A.; Leão, L.; Silva, D.; Cavaleiro Rufo, J.; Mendes, F.; Padrão, P.; Moreira, P.; Laerte Boechat, J.; Delgado, L.; et al. Effects of Exercise on the Skin Epithelial Barrier of Young Elite Athletes-Swimming Comparatively to Non-Water Sports Training Session. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 653. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020653
Paciência I, Rodolfo A, Leão L, Silva D, Cavaleiro Rufo J, Mendes F, Padrão P, Moreira P, Laerte Boechat J, Delgado L, et al. Effects of Exercise on the Skin Epithelial Barrier of Young Elite Athletes-Swimming Comparatively to Non-Water Sports Training Session. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(2):653. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020653
Chicago/Turabian StylePaciência, Inês, Ana Rodolfo, Leonor Leão, Diana Silva, João Cavaleiro Rufo, Francisca Mendes, Patrícia Padrão, Pedro Moreira, Jose Laerte Boechat, Luís Delgado, and et al. 2021. "Effects of Exercise on the Skin Epithelial Barrier of Young Elite Athletes-Swimming Comparatively to Non-Water Sports Training Session" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2: 653. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020653