Lifestyle Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns of University Professors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.1.1. Sociodemographic Data
2.1.2. Anthropometric Analysis
2.1.3. Physical Activity Analysis
2.1.4. Food Consumption Analysis
2.1.5. Statistical Analysis
2.1.6. Ethical Aspects
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total (n = 127) | Male (n = 62) | Female (n = 65) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years old) | 46.0 (45.3–49.3) | 49.5 (46.5–52.3) | 44.0 (42.5–47.9) | 0.038 |
Faculty | ||||
Education and Sport Sciences | 51 (40.2) | 26 (41.9) | 25 (38.5) | 0.001 |
Health Sciences | 36 (28.3) | 9 (14.5) | 27 (41.5) | |
Legal and Social Sciences | 40 (31.5) | 27 (43.6) | 13 (20.0) | |
Origin | ||||
Melilla | 80 (63) | 35 (56.5) | 45 (69.2) | 0.136 |
Rest of Spain and others | 47 (37) | 27 (43.5) | 20 (30.8) | |
Marital status | ||||
Single/Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 31 (24.4) | 14 (22.6) | 17 (26.2) | 0.639 |
Married/Cohabitating | 96 (75.6) | 48 (77.4) | 48 (73.8) | |
Professional stability | ||||
Yes | 80 (63) | 41 (66.1) | 39 (60.0) | 0.475 |
No | 47 (37) | 21 (33.9) | 26 (40.0) |
Total (n = 127) | Male (n = 62) | Female (n = 65) | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight (kg) | 72.3 (70.4–75.6) | 82.1 (79.1–84.7) | 62.4 (61.4–67.5) | <0.001 | |
Height (cm) | 169.0 (168.1–170.9) | 173.0 (172.5–176.2) | 165.0 (163.4–166.2) | <0.001 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.0 (24.2–25.7) | 25.4 (25.0–27.2) | 22.6 (22.9–24.9) | 0.004 | |
Nutritional status (kg/m2) | |||||
Underweight (<18.5) | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 2 (3.1) | 0.011 | |
Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 61 (48.0) | 22 (35.5) | 39 (60) | ||
Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 51 (40.2) | 33 (53.2) | 18 (27.7) | ||
Obesity (>30) | 13 (10.2) | 7 (11.3) | 6 (9.2) | ||
Physical activity done | |||||
Low intensity | 32 (25.2) | 15 (24.2) | 17 (26.2) | 0.840 | |
Moderate intensity | 41 (32.3) | 19 (30.6) | 22 (33.8) | ||
High intensity | 54 (42.5) | 28 (45.2) | 26 (40.0) |
Food Group | FACTOR 1: Western | FACTOR 2: Mediterranean |
---|---|---|
Explained variance | 20.102 | 17.411 |
Dairy and dairy-derived products | 0.373 | 0.286 |
Eggs | 0.343 | - |
Meat | 0.790 | 0.372 |
Sausages | 0.741 | 0.380 |
Fish | 0.347 | 0.442 |
Fruits | - | 0.723 |
Nuts | - | 0.250 |
Vegetables | - | 0.266 |
Pulses | - | 0.321 |
Cereals | 0.250 | 0.340 |
Olive oil | - | 0.668 |
Refined oils and butter | 0.371 | - |
Honey | - | 0.282 |
Sugar | 0.513 | - |
Bakery | 0.610 | - |
Pre-cooked | 0.488 | - |
Snacks | 0.715 | - |
Sugar-containing beverages | 0.488 | −0.297 |
Stimulant drinks | - | - |
Alcoholic drinks | 0.613 | - |
Eating Patterns | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | ||||
Factor 1: Western | Sex | |||||
Male (n = 62) | 21 (33.9) | 19 (30.6) | 22 (35.5) | 0.801 | ||
Female (n = 65) | 21 (32.8) | 24 (35.9) | 20 (31.3) | |||
Faculty | ||||||
Education and Sport Sciences (n = 51) | 19 (38.0) | 17 (32.0) | 15 (30.0) | 0.620 | ||
Health Sciences (n = 36) | 10 (27.8) | 15 (41.7) | 11 (30.5) | |||
Legal and Social Sciences (n = 40) | 13 (32.5) | 11 (27.5) | 16 (40.0) | |||
Origin | ||||||
Melilla (n = 80) | 21 (26.6) | 33 (41.8) | 26 (31.6) | 0.022 | ||
Rest of Spain and others (n = 47) | 21 (44.7) | 9 (19.1) | 17 (36.2) | |||
Cohabitation | ||||||
Alone (n = 31) | 13 (40.0) | 7 (23.3) | 11 (36.7) | 0.399 | ||
Living together (n = 96) | 30 (31.3) | 35 (36.5) | 31 (32.2) | |||
Professional stability | ||||||
Yes (n = 80) | 22 (26.6) | 30 (38.0) | 28 (35.4) | 0.103 | ||
No (n = 47) | 21 (44.7) | 12 (25.5) | 14 (29.8) | |||
Nutritional status | ||||||
BMI < 25.0 (n = 63) | 19 (30.2) | 24 (38.1) | 20 (31.7) | 0.662 | ||
BMI ≥ 25.0 (n = 64) | 23 (35.9) | 19 (29.7) | 22 (34.4) | |||
Physical activity | ||||||
Low intensity (n = 32) | 7 (22.6) | 9 (25.8) | 16 (51.6) | 0.010 | ||
Moderate intensity (n = 41) | 10 (24.4) | 20 (48.8) | 11 (26.8) | |||
High intensity (n = 54) | 25 (46.3) | 14 (25.9) | 15 (27.8) |
Eating Patterns | p | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | ||||
Factor 2: Mediterranean | Sex | |||||
Male (n = 62) | 17 (26.4) | 20 (33.3) | 25 (40.3) | 0.383 | ||
Female (n = 65) | 25 (38.5) | 19 (29.2) | 21 (32.3) | |||
Faculty | ||||||
Education and Sport Sciences (n = 51) | 15 (29.4) | 17 (33.3) | 19 (37.3) | 0.037 | ||
Health Sciences (n = 36) | 16 (44.4) | 14 (38.9) | 6 (16.7) | |||
Legal and Social Sciences (n = 40) | 11 (27.5) | 9 (22.5) | 20 (50.0) | |||
Origin | ||||||
Melilla (n = 80) | 26 (32.5) | 26 (32.5) | 28 (35.0) | 0.988 | ||
Rest of Spain and others (n = 47) | 16 (34.0) | 14 (29.8) | 17 (36.2) | |||
Cohabitation | ||||||
Alone (n = 31) | 10 (32.3) | 9 (29.0) | 12 (38.7) | 0.974 | ||
Living together (n = 96) | 31 (32.3) | 31 (32.3) | 34 (35.5) | |||
Professional stability | ||||||
Yes (n = 80) | 24 (30.4) | 24 (30.4) | 32 (39.2) | 0.555 | ||
No (n = 47) | 17 (36.4) | 16 (34.1) | 14 (29.5) | |||
Nutritional status | ||||||
BMI < 25.0 (n = 63) | 18 (28.6) | 24 (38.1) | 21 (33.3) | 0.250 | ||
BMI ≥ 25.0 (n = 64) | 23 (35.9) | 16 (25.0) | 25 (39.1) | |||
Physical activity | ||||||
Low intensity (n = 32) | 9 (28.1) | 13 (40.6) | 10 (31.3) | 0.808 | ||
Moderate intensity (n = 41) | 12 (29.3) | 13 (31.7) | 16 (39.0) | |||
High intensity (n = 54) | 20 (37.0) | 15 (27.8) | 19 (35.2) |
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López-Olivares, M.; De Teresa Galván, C.; Nestares, T.; Fernández-Gómez, E.; Enrique-Mirón, C. Lifestyle Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns of University Professors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189777
López-Olivares M, De Teresa Galván C, Nestares T, Fernández-Gómez E, Enrique-Mirón C. Lifestyle Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns of University Professors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(18):9777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189777
Chicago/Turabian StyleLópez-Olivares, María, Carlos De Teresa Galván, Teresa Nestares, Elisabet Fernández-Gómez, and Carmen Enrique-Mirón. 2021. "Lifestyle Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns of University Professors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18: 9777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189777