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Volume 18
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10.3390/ijerph18168469
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Article

Critical Success Factors of Safety Program Implementation in Construction Projects in Iraq

by
Mohanad Kamil Buniya
1,*,
Idris Othman
1,
Riza Yosia Sunindijo
2,
Ghanim Kashwani
3,
Serdar Durdyev
4,
Syuhaida Ismail
5,
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari
6 and
Heng Li
7
1
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University Technology PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
2
School of Built Environment, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
3
Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi 51133, United Arab Emirates
4
Department of Engineering and Architectural Studies, Ara Institute of Canterbury, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
5
Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 541000, Malaysia
6
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
7
Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Room No. ZS734, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(16), 8469; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168469
Submission received: 22 July 2021 / Revised: 6 August 2021 / Accepted: 7 August 2021 / Published: 11 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Emerging Artificial Intelligence-Based Technologies and Techniques to Improve the Occupational Health and Safety Management of Industries: From Singular to Ensemble Approaches)
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Abstract

The construction sector is recognized as one of the most dangerous industries in the world. The situation is worsening in Iraq, as a result of a lack of attention to safety in the building industry and the poor implementation of safety programs. This research aims to identify the critical safety factors (CSFs) of safety program implementation in the Iraqi construction industry. The CSFs were first identified from a review of literature before being verified by construction practitioners, using semi-structured interviews. A questionnaire, based on the verified CSFs, was distributed to construction practitioners in Iraq. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to analyze the quantitative data, and the results show that the CSFs can be categorized into four constructs: worker involvement, safety prevention and control system, safety arrangement, and management commitment. Following that, partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was executed to establish the connection between safety program implementation and overall project success. The result confirms that safety program implementation has a significant, positive impact on project success. This article contributes to knowledge and practice by identifying the CSFs for implementing safety programs in the Iraqi construction industry. The successful implementation of a safety program not only improves safety performance, but also helps to meet other project goals.
Keywords: safety program; construction; critical success factors; PLS-SEM; Iraq safety program; construction; critical success factors; PLS-SEM; Iraq

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MDPI and ACS Style

Buniya, M.K.; Othman, I.; Sunindijo, R.Y.; Kashwani, G.; Durdyev, S.; Ismail, S.; Antwi-Afari, M.F.; Li, H. Critical Success Factors of Safety Program Implementation in Construction Projects in Iraq. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 8469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168469

AMA Style

Buniya MK, Othman I, Sunindijo RY, Kashwani G, Durdyev S, Ismail S, Antwi-Afari MF, Li H. Critical Success Factors of Safety Program Implementation in Construction Projects in Iraq. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(16):8469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168469

Chicago/Turabian Style

Buniya, Mohanad Kamil, Idris Othman, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, Ghanim Kashwani, Serdar Durdyev, Syuhaida Ismail, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, and Heng Li. 2021. "Critical Success Factors of Safety Program Implementation in Construction Projects in Iraq" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168469

APA Style

Buniya, M. K., Othman, I., Sunindijo, R. Y., Kashwani, G., Durdyev, S., Ismail, S., Antwi-Afari, M. F., & Li, H. (2021). Critical Success Factors of Safety Program Implementation in Construction Projects in Iraq. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168469

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