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Volume 18
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10.3390/ijerph18136949
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Article

Problematic Internet Usage and Self-Esteem in Chinese Undergraduate Students: The Mediation Effects of Individual Affect and Relationship Satisfaction

by
Guang Zeng
1,
Lijin Zhang
1,
Sai-fu Fung
2,*,
Jingwen Li
3,
Yi-Man Liu
4,5,
Zi-Ke Xiong
5,
Zhi-Quan Jiang
5,
Fang-Fang Zhu
6,
Zhen-Ting Chen
7,
Si-Ding Luo
8,9,
Ping Yu
8,9 and
Qian Huang
10
1
Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510275, China
2
Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
3
Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
4
School of Economics, Finance and Marketing, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
5
Guangzhou Huashang College, University Administrative Office, Guangdong 511300, China
6
School of Economics and Trade, Guangzhou Huashang College, Guangdong 511300, China
7
School of Data Science, Guangzhou Huashang College, Guangdong 511300, China
8
Managing Director Office, Global Business College of Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
9
General Manager Office, Edvantage Institute Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
10
Department of Sports Training, Xi’an Physical Education University, Xi’an 710068, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(13), 6949; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136949
Submission received: 1 June 2021 / Revised: 19 June 2021 / Accepted: 25 June 2021 / Published: 29 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Topic Internet Addiction)
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Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the mediating effects of individual affect and relationship satisfaction on the relationship between self-esteem and Problematic Internet Use (PIU). Affect was measured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), relationship satisfaction was assessed using a positive and negative semantic dimension scale, self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and PIU was measured using the Problematic Internet Use scale with a sample of 507 Chinese university students (Mage = 20.41 years, SD = 2.49). The relationships between the variables were tested using structural equation modelling with a multiple mediation model. The results revealed that negative affect and the negative semantic dimensions of relationship satisfaction mediated the relationship between self-esteem and PIU. The implications of the results and the study’s theoretical contributions are discussed.
Keywords: cognitive–behavioural model; Internet addiction; self-esteem; multiple mediation model; positive and negative affect schedule cognitive–behavioural model; Internet addiction; self-esteem; multiple mediation model; positive and negative affect schedule

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zeng, G.; Zhang, L.; Fung, S.-f.; Li, J.; Liu, Y.-M.; Xiong, Z.-K.; Jiang, Z.-Q.; Zhu, F.-F.; Chen, Z.-T.; Luo, S.-D.; et al. Problematic Internet Usage and Self-Esteem in Chinese Undergraduate Students: The Mediation Effects of Individual Affect and Relationship Satisfaction. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 6949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136949

AMA Style

Zeng G, Zhang L, Fung S-f, Li J, Liu Y-M, Xiong Z-K, Jiang Z-Q, Zhu F-F, Chen Z-T, Luo S-D, et al. Problematic Internet Usage and Self-Esteem in Chinese Undergraduate Students: The Mediation Effects of Individual Affect and Relationship Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(13):6949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136949

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zeng, Guang, Lijin Zhang, Sai-fu Fung, Jingwen Li, Yi-Man Liu, Zi-Ke Xiong, Zhi-Quan Jiang, Fang-Fang Zhu, Zhen-Ting Chen, Si-Ding Luo, and et al. 2021. "Problematic Internet Usage and Self-Esteem in Chinese Undergraduate Students: The Mediation Effects of Individual Affect and Relationship Satisfaction" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136949

APA Style

Zeng, G., Zhang, L., Fung, S.-f., Li, J., Liu, Y.-M., Xiong, Z.-K., Jiang, Z.-Q., Zhu, F.-F., Chen, Z.-T., Luo, S.-D., Yu, P., & Huang, Q. (2021). Problematic Internet Usage and Self-Esteem in Chinese Undergraduate Students: The Mediation Effects of Individual Affect and Relationship Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 6949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136949

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