Impact of Decreased Night Work on Workers’ Musculoskeletal Symptoms: A Quasi-Experimental Intervention Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Measures
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Parallel Trends Assumption
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treated (N = 122) | Control (N = 170) | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | N (%) | Mean ± SD | N (%) | ||
Age | 42.2 ± 4.5 | 45.2 ± 4.8 | <0.0001 | ||
Education | 0.50 | ||||
<High school | 0 (0.0) | 4 (2.4) | |||
High school | 98 (80.3) | 125 (73.5) | |||
>High school | 23 (18.9) | 35 (20.6) | |||
Missing | 1 (0.8) | 6 (3.5) | |||
Working years | 18.6 ± 4.2 | 21.2 ± 3.9 | <0.0001 | ||
Income (KRW 10,000 per year) | 5273 ± 803 (2010) | 5092 ± 702 (2010) | 0.07 | ||
6246 ± 666 (2013) | 6307 ± 694 (2013) | 0.45 | |||
Weekly working hours * | 52.6 ± 8.8 (2010) | 51.6 ± 9.3 (2010) | 0.39 | ||
45.9 ± 3.4 (2013) | 45.6 ± 3.0 (2013) | 0.39 | |||
QEC—back | 23.0 ± 8.4 | 25.1 ± 9.2 | 0.06 | ||
QEC—shoulder/arm | 27.4 ± 9.1 | 29.2 ± 9.2 | 0.13 | ||
QEC—wrist/hand | 23.4 ± 8.0 | 24.6 ± 8.0 | 0.23 | ||
QEC—neck | 9.2 ± 4.2 | 9.6 ± 4.3 | 0.44 |
Pre | Post | Difference (Post–Pre) | DID (Unadjusted) | DID (Adjusted) a | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Site | % | % | % | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) |
Neck | |||||
Treated | 48.4 | 47.5 | −0.8 | 5.1 (−6.0, 16.1) | 5.4 (−6.3, 17.0) |
Control | 50.6 | 44.7 | −5.9 | ||
Shoulder | |||||
Treated | 54.9 | 50.8 | −4.1 | −11.8 ** (−23.3, −0.2) | −10.3 * (−22.2, 1.6) |
Control | 51.8 | 59.4 | 7.7 | ||
Arm | |||||
Treated | 30.3 | 21.3 | −9.0 | −13.7 ** (−25.1, −2.3) | −12.9 ** (−24.7, −1.2) |
Control | 24.1 | 28.8 | 4.7 | ||
Hand | |||||
Treated | 42.6 | 37.7 | −4.9 | −7.9 (−20.0, 4.3) | −5.9 (−18.2, 6.5) |
Control | 31.2 | 34.1 | 2.9 | ||
Back | |||||
Treated | 48.4 | 53.3 | 4.9 | 4.3 (−8.2, 16.9) | 6.4 (−6.7, 19.5) |
Control | 47.7 | 48.2 | 0.6 | ||
Leg | |||||
Treated | 36.1 | 29.5 | −6.6 | −8.9 (−20.6, 2.8) | −8.9 (−21.1, 3.2) |
Control | 27.7 | 30.0 | 2.4 | ||
All sites b | |||||
Treated | 80.3 | 81.2 | 0.8 | −11.0 ** (−20.1, −1.8) | −9.2 ** (−18.3, −0.2) |
Control | 71.8 | 83.5 | 11.8 | ||
Upper extremities c | |||||
Treated | 70.5 | 64.8 | −5.7 | −16.3 ** (−27.1, −5.5) | −14.8 ** (−25.9, −3.8) |
Control | 60.0 | 70.6 | 10.6 |
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Lee, H.-E.; Choi, M.; Kim, H.-R.; Kawachi, I. Impact of Decreased Night Work on Workers’ Musculoskeletal Symptoms: A Quasi-Experimental Intervention Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 9092. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239092
Lee H-E, Choi M, Kim H-R, Kawachi I. Impact of Decreased Night Work on Workers’ Musculoskeletal Symptoms: A Quasi-Experimental Intervention Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(23):9092. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239092
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Hye-Eun, Min Choi, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim, and Ichiro Kawachi. 2020. "Impact of Decreased Night Work on Workers’ Musculoskeletal Symptoms: A Quasi-Experimental Intervention Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23: 9092. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239092