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Volume 17
Issue 21
10.3390/ijerph17217731
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Review

Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques within Interventions to Reduce Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Children

by
Tracey J. Brown
1,*,
Sarah Gentry
1,
Linda Bauld
2,
Elaine M. Boyle
3,
Paul Clarke
1,4,
Wendy Hardeman
5,
Richard Holland
6,
Felix Naughton
5,
Sophie Orton
7,
Michael Ussher
8,9 and
Caitlin Notley
1
1
Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
2
Usher Institute and SPECTRUM Consortium, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
3
Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
4
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
5
School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
6
Leicester Medical School, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK
7
Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
8
Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
9
Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(21), 7731; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217731
Received: 2 September 2020 / Revised: 5 October 2020 / Accepted: 19 October 2020 / Published: 22 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tackling Tobacco Use during Pregnancy and Early Childhood—Social, Economical and Health Implications)
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Abstract

Children are particularly vulnerable to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). There is no routine support to reduce ETS in the home. We systematically reviewed trials to reduce ETS in children in order to identify intervention characteristics and behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to inform future interventions. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register from January 2017 to June 2020 to update an existing systematic review. We included controlled trials to reduce parent/caregiver smoking or ETS in children <12 years that demonstrated a statistically significant benefit, in comparison to less intensive interventions or usual care. We extracted trial characteristics; and BCTs using Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1. We defined “promising” BCTs as those present in at least 25% of effective interventions. Data synthesis was narrative. We included 16 trials, of which eight were at low risk of bias. All trials used counselling in combination with self-help or other supporting materials. We identified 13 “promising” BCTs centred on education, setting goals and planning, or support to reach goals. Interventions to reduce ETS in children should incorporate effective BCTs and consider counselling and self-help as mechanisms of delivery. View Full-Text
Keywords: systematic review; behaviour change techniques; smoking; harm reduction; second-hand smoke; tobacco smoke pollution; postnatal; children systematic review; behaviour change techniques; smoking; harm reduction; second-hand smoke; tobacco smoke pollution; postnatal; children
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MDPI and ACS Style

Brown, T.J.; Gentry, S.; Bauld, L.; Boyle, E.M.; Clarke, P.; Hardeman, W.; Holland, R.; Naughton, F.; Orton, S.; Ussher, M.; Notley, C. Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques within Interventions to Reduce Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 7731. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217731

AMA Style

Brown TJ, Gentry S, Bauld L, Boyle EM, Clarke P, Hardeman W, Holland R, Naughton F, Orton S, Ussher M, Notley C. Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques within Interventions to Reduce Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(21):7731. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217731

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brown, Tracey J., Sarah Gentry, Linda Bauld, Elaine M. Boyle, Paul Clarke, Wendy Hardeman, Richard Holland, Felix Naughton, Sophie Orton, Michael Ussher, and Caitlin Notley. 2020. "Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques within Interventions to Reduce Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Children" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 7731. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217731

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