Risk of Mitral Valve Prolapse in Patients with Keratoconus in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Database
2.2. Selection of Patients and Variables
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Data
3.2. Incidence Rates for MVP
3.3. Cumulative Incidence Rates for MVP
3.4. Hazard Ratios for MVP
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Keratoconus (N = 4488) | Controls (N = 26,928) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | ||
Age | 27.38 ± 13.08 | 27.50 ± 12.88 | 0.5513 |
Age group | |||
12–19 years | 1250 (27.85) | 7450 (27.67) | 0.9892 |
20–29 years | 1830 (40.78) | 11,024 (40.94) | |
30–39 years | 873 (19.45) | 5216 (19.37) | |
≥40 years | 535 (11.92) | 3238 (12.02) | |
Gender | |||
Male | 2468 (54.99) | 14,548 (54.03) | 0.2294 |
Female | 2020 (45.01) | 12,380 (45.97) | |
Baseline comorbidity | |||
Hypertension | 145 (3.23) | 871 (3.23) | 0.9896 |
Hyperlipidemia | 66 (1.47) | 403 (1.50) | 0.8942 |
Congestive heart failure | 7 (0.16) | 30 (0.10) | 0.4203 |
Characteristics | Keratoconus | Controls | IRR (95% CI) | p-Value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | MVP | PYs | Rate a | N | MVP | PYs | Rate a | |||
All | 4488 | 88 | 24,658 | 35.69 | 26,928 | 433 | 149,769 | 28.91 | 1.23 (0.98–1.55) | 0.0717 |
Age | ||||||||||
12–19 years | 1250 | 17 | 6884 | 24.69 | 7450 | 115 | 42,431 | 27.10 | 0.91 (0.55–1.52) | 0.7202 |
20–29 years | 1830 | 36 | 10,353 | 34.77 | 11,024 | 174 | 62,462 | 27.86 | 1.25 (0.87–1.79) | 0.2259 |
30–39 years | 873 | 14 | 4555 | 30.74 | 5216 | 71 | 27,204 | 26.10 | 1.18 (0.66–2.09) | 0.5760 |
≥40 years | 535 | 21 | 2866 | 73.27 | 3238 | 73 | 17,672 | 41.31 | 1.77 (1.09–2.88) | 0.0206 |
Gender | ||||||||||
Male | 2468 | 29 | 13,790 | 21.03 | 14,548 | 185 | 81,775 | 22.62 | 0.93 (0.63–1.38) | 0.7146 |
Female | 2020 | 59 | 10,868 | 54.29 | 12,380 | 248 | 67,994 | 36.47 | 1.49 (1.12–1.98) | 0.0060 |
Comorbidity | ||||||||||
Hypertension | 145 | 2 | 782 | 25.58 | 871 | 27 | 4708 | 57.35 | 0.45 (0.11–1.88) | 0.2705 |
Hyperlipidemia | 66 | 1 | 310 | 32.26 | 403 | 5 | 2006 | 24.93 | 1.29 (0.15–11.07) | 0.8146 |
Congestive heart failure | 7 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 30 | 2 | 155 | 129.03 | - | - |
Cohort | Crude Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Keratoconus | ||
Yes | 1.77 * (1.09–2.88) | 1.77 * (1.09–2.88) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Gender | ||
Male | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Female | 1.88 * (1.20–2.96) | 1.89 * (1.20–2.97) |
Comorbidity | ||
Hypertension | ||
Yes | 1.15 (0.72–1.83) | 1.24 (0.76–2.03) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Hyperlipidemia | ||
Yes | 0.64 (0.26–1.58) | 0.58 (0.23–1.47) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Congestive heart failure | ||
Yes | 1.34 (0.19–9.58) | 1.26 (0.17–9.15) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Cohort | Crude Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Keratoconus | ||
Yes | 1.49 * (1.12–1.98) | 1.48 * (1.11–1.97) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Age | ||
12–19 years | 1.00 | 1.00 |
20–29 years | 1.33 (0.96–1.83) | 1.32 (0.96–1.81) |
30–39 years | 1.37 (0.96–1.94) | 1.35 (0.95–1.93) |
≥40 years | 1.98 * (1.39–2.82) | 1.85 * (1.26–2.71) |
Comorbidity | ||
Hypertension | ||
Yes | 1.79 * (1.14–2.82) | 1.40 (0.82–2.30) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Hyperlipidemia | ||
Yes | 0.91 (0.34–2.45) | 0.55 (0.19–1.54) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Congestive heart failure | ||
Yes | 5.73 * (1.43–23.02) | 3.63 (0.88–15.00) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
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Chang, Y.-S.; Tai, M.-C.; Weng, S.-F.; Wang, J.-J.; Tseng, S.-H.; Jan, R.-L. Risk of Mitral Valve Prolapse in Patients with Keratoconus in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6049. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176049
Chang Y-S, Tai M-C, Weng S-F, Wang J-J, Tseng S-H, Jan R-L. Risk of Mitral Valve Prolapse in Patients with Keratoconus in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6049. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176049
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang, Yuh-Shin, Ming-Cheng Tai, Shih-Feng Weng, Jhi-Joung Wang, Sung-Huei Tseng, and Ren-Long Jan. 2020. "Risk of Mitral Valve Prolapse in Patients with Keratoconus in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6049. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176049