How Does the Family Influence the Physical Condition and Health of Children in a Rural Environment?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Variables
2.2.1. Physical Condition
2.2.2. Family Influencing Factors
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Total Sample | Level 3 | Level 4 | Level 5 | χ² | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 205 | n = 78 | n = 59 | n = 68 | Value | p | d | |
Age (years) | 4.64 ± 0.92 | 3.64 ± 0.30 | 4.73 ± 0.30 | 5.71 ± 0.28 | |||
Weight (kg) | 18.60 ± 3.93 | 16.01 ± 2.17 | 18.75 ± 2.97 | 21.46 ± 4.23 | 78.16 | ** | 1.57 |
Height (m) | 1.06 ± 0.08 | 0.99 ± 0.04 | 1.07 ± 0.05 | 1.14 ± 0.06 | 126.20 | ** | 2.53 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 16.36 ± 1.80 | 16.25 ± 1.54 | 16.30 ± 1.61 | 16.52 ± 2.20 | 0.07 | 0.966 | 0.03 |
WC (cm) | 57.28 ± 4.87 | 55.44 ± 3.28 | 56.97 ± 3.96 | 59.66 ± 6.03 | 24.38 | ** | 0.73 |
HS (kg) | 6.18 ± 1.47 | 5.32 ± 0.87 | 6.12 ± 1.36 | 7.23 ± 1.45 | 61.25 | ** | 1.30 |
LJ (cm) | 65.70 ± 14.65 | 57.78 ± 14.18 | 64.11 ± 12.31 | 76.18 ± 10.23 | 57.27 | ** | 1.24 |
PF20m (laps) | 12.27 ± 6.41 | 7.27 ± 3.34 | 12.54 ± 2.31 | 17.76 ± 6.92 | 112.05 | ** | 2.19 |
4 × 10 (s) | 23.33 ± 3.73 | 26.02 ± 2.73 | 23.45 ± 3.34 | 20.12 ± 2.28 | 91.55 | ** | 1.79 |
Variables | Total Sample | Level 3 | Level 4 | Level 5 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Girls (n = 101) | Boys (n = 104) | Girls (n = 35) | Boys (n = 43) | Girls (n = 34) | Boys (n = 25) | Girls (n = 32) | Boys (n = 36) | |
Age (years) | 4.59 ±0.92 | 4.69 ±0.92 | 3.51 ± 0.26 | 3.75 ± 0.28 | 4.72 ± 0.27 | 4.74 ± 0.34 | 5.65 ± 0.30 | 5.77 ± 0.26 |
Weight (kg) | 18.17 ±3.72 | 19.03 ±4.10 | 15.85 ± 1.95 | 16.13 ± 2.36 | 18.34 ± 3.13 | 19.31 ± 2.69 | 20.52 ± 4.27 | 22.29 ± 4.08 |
Height (m) | 1.05 ±0.08 | 1.07 ± 0.08 | 0.98 ± 0.04 | 1.00 ± 0.04 | 1.06 ± 0.05 | 1.09 ± 0,05 | 1.12 ± 0.06 | 1.15 ± 0.05 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 16.27 ±1.70 | 16.44 ±1.89 | 16.31 ± 1.29 | 16.21 ± 1.73 | 16.30 ± 1.60 | 16.30 ±1.66 | 16.19 ± 2.17 | 16.81 ± 2.20 |
WC(cm) | 56.67 ±4.85 | 57.87 ±4.84 | 54.94 ± 3.70 | 55.84 ± 2.88 | 56.97 ± 4.06 | 56.96 ± 3.90 | 58.25 ± 6.09 | 60.92 ± 5.77 |
HS (kg) | 6.13 ±1.44 | 6.24 ±1.49 | 5.26 ± 0.88 | 5.37 ± 0.87 | 5.91 ± 1.16 | 6.40 ±1.57 | 7.30 ± 1.46 | 7.16 ± 1.46 |
LJ (cm) | 65.49±15.24 | 65.91±14.13 | 53.9 ± 14.43 * | 60.9 ± 13.33 * | 67.43 ± 11.96 * | 59.60 ± 11.53 * | 76.09 ± 9.85 | 76.2 ± 10.70 |
PF20m (laps) | 12.15 ±5.98 | 12.38 ±6.83 | 7.29 ± 3.54 | 7.26 ± 3.21 | 12.62 ± 2.27 | 12.44 ± 2.40 | 16.97 ± 6.74 | 18.47 ± 7.11 |
4 × 10 m (s) | 23.40 ±3.61 | 23.25 ±3.86 | 25.60 ± 2.73 | 26.37 ± 2.70 | 24.38 ± 3.07 * | 22.20 ± 3.35 * | 19.97 ± 2.28 | 20.25 ± 2.31 |
Variables | 4 × 10 m (s) | PF20m (laps) | HS (kg). | LJ (cm) | WC (cm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.052 (0.462) | −0.078 (0.264) | −0.082 (0.241) | −0.068 (0.335) | 0.532 ** |
WC (cm) | −0.307 ** | 0.257 ** | 0.294 ** | 0.165 * | |
LJ (cm) | −0.433 ** | 0.411 ** | 0.361 ** | ||
HS (kg) | −0.614 ** | 0.431 ** | |||
PF20m (laps) | −0.487 ** |
Variables | MLSM (n= 205) | Level 3 (n = 78) | Level 4 (n = 59) | Level 5 (n = 68) | MLSF (n = 205) | Level 3 (n = 78) | Level 4 (n = 59) | Level 5 (n = 68) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI (kg/m2) | −0.159 * | −0.189 (0.098) | −0.147 (0.266) | −0.133 (0.278) | −0.195 ** | −0.349 ** | 0.010 (0.941) | −0.180 (0.142) |
WC (cm) | −0.002 (0.973) | 0.261 * | −0.108 (0.415) | −0.005 (0.967) | 0.008 (0.909) | 0.143 (0.212) | 0.112 (0.400) | −0.120 (0.328) |
LJ (cm) | 0.051 (0.472) | 0.020 (0.864) | 0.111 (0.402) | 0.264 * | 0.008 (0.915) | 0.031 (0.784) | −0.101 (0.447) | 0.216 (0.077) |
HS (kg) | −0.09 (0.197) | −0.077 (0.502) | 0.012 (0.927) | −0.087 (0.481) | 0.016 (0.816) | −0.047 (0.682) | 0.087 (0.514) | 0.047 (0.704) |
PF20m (laps) | 0.065 (0.354) | 0.407 ** | −0.007 (0.957) | 0.360 ** | 0.020 (0.772) | 0.268 ** | −0.150 0(.257) | 0.157 (0.200) |
4 × 10 m (s) | 0.039 (0.575) | 0.089 (0.439) | −0.084 (0.525) | −0.132 (0.281) | −0.089 (0.203) | −0.144 (0.207) | −0.149 (0.259) | −0.274 ** |
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Martínez-Martínez, J.; González-Víllora, S.; Valenciano Valcárcel, J.; Pastor-Vicedo, J.C. How Does the Family Influence the Physical Condition and Health of Children in a Rural Environment? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4622. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134622
Martínez-Martínez J, González-Víllora S, Valenciano Valcárcel J, Pastor-Vicedo JC. How Does the Family Influence the Physical Condition and Health of Children in a Rural Environment? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(13):4622. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134622
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartínez-Martínez, Jesús, Sixto González-Víllora, Javier Valenciano Valcárcel, and Juan Carlos Pastor-Vicedo. 2020. "How Does the Family Influence the Physical Condition and Health of Children in a Rural Environment?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13: 4622. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134622