Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Variables and Instruments
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Mean, SD and Correlations Between Presenteeism, Supervisor Support, Coworker Support, and Distributive Justice
3.3. SEM
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Final Sample (n = 1434) | Percentage (%) | |
---|---|---|
Sex | ||
Male | 572 | 38.3 |
Female | 923 | 61.7 |
Age, years | ||
<25 | 126 | 8.3 |
25~30 | 412 | 27.1 |
31~35 | 351 | 23.1 |
36~40 | 216 | 14.2 |
41~45 | 154 | 10.1 |
46~50 | 150 | 9.9 |
51~55 | 83 | 5.5 |
56~60 | 28 | 1.8 |
>60 | 1 | 0.1 |
Position | ||
Clinician | 627 | 46.0 |
Nurse | 445 | 32.6 |
Administrative staff | 94 | 6.9 |
Medical technician | 138 | 10.1 |
Chemist | 49 | 3.6 |
Other | 11 | 0.8 |
Education | ||
Less than junior college | 75 | 5.0 |
Junior college | 351 | 23.2 |
Bachelor’s degree | 708 | 46.8 |
Master’s degree | 270 | 17.8 |
Doctoral degree | 110 | 7.3 |
Job Title | ||
Junior | 615 | 42.1 |
Intermediate | 556 | 38.1 |
Deputy senior | 206 | 14.1 |
Senior | 83 | 5.7 |
Duration of employment, years | ||
<3 | 272 | 18.1 |
3~5 | 317 | 21.0 |
6~10 | 351 | 23.3 |
11~20 | 293 | 19.5 |
>20 | 273 | 18.1 |
Department | ||
Internal Medicine | 367 | 24.5 |
Surgery | 282 | 18.8 |
Obstetrics | 144 | 9.6 |
Pediatrics | 127 | 8.5 |
Chinese Medicine/ Rehabilitation | 62 | 4.1 |
Emergency/Intensive Care Unit | 72 | 5.3 |
Infectious Diseases/Oncology | 29 | 1.9 |
Other clinical departments | 98 | 6.5 |
Medical technicians | 133 | 8.9 |
Administration and logistics | 88 | 5.9 |
Other | 88 | 5.9 |
Variables (Mean, SD) | Items | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
P | SS | CS | DJ | |
P (3.38, 1.28) | 1 | - | - | - |
SS (3.54, 0.78) | −0.26 ** | 1 | - | - |
CS (3.80, 0.69) | −0.22 ** | 0.61 ** | 1 | - |
DJ (3.19, 0.83) | −0.27 ** | 0.51 ** | 0.41 ** | 1 |
Path | Sex | Age, years | Title | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | <45 | >45 | Junior | Intermediate | Senior | ||||||||
β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | |
SS to DJ | 0.50 | *** | 0.34 | *** | 0.41 | *** | 0.43 | *** | 0.4 | *** | 0.4 | *** | 0.47 | *** |
CS to DJ | 0.06 | - | 0.21 | *** | 0.14 | ** | 0.16 | - | 0.16 | * | 0.09 | - | 0.14 | - |
DJ to P | −0.18 | ** | −0.18 | *** | −0.19 | *** | −0.11 | - | −0.21 | *** | −0.14 | * | −0.19 | * |
SS to P | −0.11 | - | −0.16 | ** | −0.12 | * | −0.31 | * | −0.15 | * | −0.14 | - | −0.1 | - |
CS to P | −0.15 | - | −0.03 | - | −0.08 | - | −0.02 | - | −0.08 | - | −0.21 | - | −0.16 | - |
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Yang, T.; Lei, R.; Jin, X.; Li, Y.; Sun, Y.; Deng, J. Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050817
Yang T, Lei R, Jin X, Li Y, Sun Y, Deng J. Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(5):817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050817
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Tianan, Run Lei, Xuan Jin, Yan Li, Yangyang Sun, and Jianwei Deng. 2019. "Supervisor Support, Coworker Support and Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Distributive Justice" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 5: 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050817