Exploring the Bi-Directional Association between Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use among Youth in Canada
Abstract
1. Background
2. Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Outcome Measures
2.4. Baseline Covariates
3. Analyses
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Student Characteristics | |||
---|---|---|---|
N | (%) | ||
Gender | Female | 3502 | 52.2% |
Male | 3207 | 47.8% | |
Grade | 9 | 3771 | 56.0% |
10 | 2958 | 44.0% | |
Ethnicity | White | 5092 | 76.1% |
Black | 210 | 3.1% | |
Latin-American | 125 | 1.9% | |
Asian | 361 | 5.4% | |
Aboriginal | 148 | 2.2% | |
Other | 759 | 11.3% | |
Weekly Spending Money | $0 | 1506 | 26.0% |
$1–20 | 2253 | 44.1% | |
$20–100 | 1322 | 22.8% | |
Over $100 | 412 | 7.1% | |
Current cannabis use | Yes | 388 | 5.8% |
No | 6264 | 94.2% | |
Current binge drinking | Yes | 1999 | 29.7% |
No | 4725 | 70.3% | |
Number of friends who smoke | None | 5178 | 77.7% |
1–2 | 1155 | 17.3% | |
3 or more | 336 | 5.0% |
Outcome Measures | Linked Sample (Grade 9 and 10 at Baseline) (n = 6729) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Wave 1 n (%) | Wave 2 n (%) | Wave 3 n (%) | |
Tobacco users | 263 (3.9%) | 483 (7.2%) | 722 (10.7%) |
E-cigarette users | 382 (5.7%) | 476 (7.1%) | 639 (9.5%) |
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Aleyan, S.; Gohari, M.R.; Cole, A.G.; Leatherdale, S.T. Exploring the Bi-Directional Association between Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use among Youth in Canada. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214256
Aleyan S, Gohari MR, Cole AG, Leatherdale ST. Exploring the Bi-Directional Association between Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use among Youth in Canada. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(21):4256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214256
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleyan, Sarah, Mahmood R. Gohari, Adam G. Cole, and Scott T. Leatherdale. 2019. "Exploring the Bi-Directional Association between Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use among Youth in Canada" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21: 4256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214256
APA StyleAleyan, S., Gohari, M. R., Cole, A. G., & Leatherdale, S. T. (2019). Exploring the Bi-Directional Association between Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use among Youth in Canada. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(21), 4256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214256