Evaluation of the Burdening on the Czech Population by Brominated Flame Retardants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Characteristics of Donors and Taking Fat Tissue Samples
2.2. Chemicals
2.3. Treatment of Clinical Samples
2.4. Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers
3.2. PCBs and DDTs
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Mean | SD | Median | IQR | Min | Max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 43.2 | 12.4 | 41.0 | 16.5 | 19.0 | 76.0 |
Weight (kg) | 75.2 | 15.2 | 74.0 | 18.0 | 49.0 | 150.0 |
Length (cm) | 167.4 | 7.27 | 166.0 | 6.0 | 150.0 | 190.0 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8 | 4.88 | 26.0 | 6.0 | 18.7 | 47.3 |
Analyte | Mean | CV | Median | IQR | P5 | P95 | Min | Max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BDE 47 | 0.59 | 1.64 | 0.30 | 0.56 | 0.05 | 2.47 | 0.05 | 7.03 |
BDE 49 | 0.22 | 3.04 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.80 | 0.05 | 6.33 |
BDE 99 | 0.49 | 2.46 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.05 | 2.18 | 0.05 | 8.23 |
BDE 100 | 0.19 | 1.37 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.76 | 0.05 | 1.66 |
BDE 153 | 1.02 | 1.78 | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.10 | 2.05 | 0.10 | 16.6 |
BDE 183 | 0.70 | 1.93 | 0.10 | 0.29 | 0.10 | 3.73 | 0.10 | 7.91 |
PCB 28 | 1.88 | 2.32 | 0.99 | 1.52 | 0.03 | 4.03 | 0.03 | 35.5 |
PCB 52 | 0.16 | 1.22 | 0.07 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.47 | 0.03 | 1.06 |
PCB 101 | 0.61 | 1.31 | 0.33 | 0.66 | 0.03 | 1.93 | 0.03 | 4.34 |
PCB 118 | 12.9 | 0.85 | 9.51 | 10.9 | 2.59 | 31.9 | 1.60 | 68.8 |
PCB 138 | 193.9 | 1.05 | 142.6 | 155.7 | 33.2 | 530.3 | 11.4 | 1473 |
PCB 153 | 237.6 | 0.89 | 177.5 | 254.3 | 35.7 | 577.8 | 19.0 | 1114 |
PCB 180 | 329.1 | 0.84 | 241.4 | 244.7 | 53.2 | 827.3 | 20.9 | 1652 |
HCB | 151.5 | 1.32 | 65.6 | 127.9 | 11.4 | 533.2 | 8.68 | 1152 |
α-HCH | 0.53 | 1.06 | 0.49 | 0.68 | 0.03 | 1.21 | 0.03 | 3.87 |
β-HCH | 29.5 | 1.26 | 14.64 | 30.8 | 2.70 | 127.0 | 1.40 | 190.4 |
Lindane | 0.39 | 0.74 | 0.44 | 0.66 | 0.03 | 0.71 | 0.03 | 0.89 |
o,p’-DDE | 0.37 | 1.02 | 0.24 | 0.70 | 0.03 | 0.74 | 0.03 | 2.48 |
p,p’-DDE | 409.6 | 0.99 | 252.3 | 363.7 | 70.9 | 1267 | 45.5 | 2217 |
o,p’-DDD | 0.47 | 1.07 | 0.23 | 0.85 | 0.05 | 0.94 | 0.05 | 3.39 |
p,p’-DDD | 10.0 | 2.35 | 2.73 | 7.41 | 0.25 | 32.63 | 0.03 | 165.6 |
o,p’-DDT | 1.41 | 1.61 | 0.87 | 1.25 | 0.20 | 4.25 | 0.11 | 18.6 |
p,p’-DDT | 45.5 | 1.80 | 25.6 | 36.7 | 4.15 | 133.9 | 0.50 | 617 |
Current Study (n = 107) | Previous Study (n = 98) | p-value | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Analyte | Mean | CV | Median | P5 | P95 | Mean | CV | Median | P5 | P95 | |
PBDEs1 | 3.31 | 1.26 | 1.87 | 0.45 | 12.2 | 4.4 | 1.39 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 9.1 | >0.05 <0.1 |
PCBs2 | 776.0 | 0.80 | 563.0 | 161.9 | 2136 | 625.5 | 0.6 | 595.0 | 214.6 | 1285 | <0.025 |
DDTs3 | 467.4 | 0.94 | 301.5 | 108.6 | 1502 | 615.6 | 0.71 | 509.7 | 137.7 | 1668 | <0.01 |
Analyte | Geometric Mean | LCI | UCI |
---|---|---|---|
BDE 47 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.35 |
BDE 99 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.20 |
BDE 100 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.14 |
BDE 153 | 0.65 | 0.55 | 0.77 |
PCB 28 | 0.72 | 0.54 | 0.58 |
PCB 52 | 0.079 | 0.063 | 0.100 |
PCB 101 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.32 |
PCB 118 | 9.33 | 8.01 | 10.9 |
PCB 138 | 134.2 | 113.6 | 158.5 |
PCB 153 | 162.8 | 136.4 | 194.2 |
PCB 180 | 247.4 | 213.1 | 287.2 |
HCB | 73.7 | 58.4 | 92.9 |
α-HCH | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.34 |
β-HCH | 15.6 | 12.5 | 19.4 |
Lindane | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.27 |
o,p’-DDE | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.22 |
p,p’-DDE | 282.0 | 239.0 | 331.9 |
o,p’-DDD | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.28 |
p,p’-DDD | 3.06 | 2.24 | 4.19 |
o,p’-DDT | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.95 |
p,p’-DDT | 24.4 | 19.5 | 30.4 |
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Logerová, H.; Tůma, P.; Stupák, M.; Pulkrábová, J.; Dlouhý, P. Evaluation of the Burdening on the Czech Population by Brominated Flame Retardants. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214105
Logerová H, Tůma P, Stupák M, Pulkrábová J, Dlouhý P. Evaluation of the Burdening on the Czech Population by Brominated Flame Retardants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(21):4105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214105
Chicago/Turabian StyleLogerová, Hana, Petr Tůma, Michal Stupák, Jana Pulkrábová, and Pavel Dlouhý. 2019. "Evaluation of the Burdening on the Czech Population by Brominated Flame Retardants" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21: 4105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214105