Dermatologic Vasculature Diseases as a Risk Factor of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Patient Selection
2.3. Main Outcome Measurement
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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DVD n = 1713 | Control n = 1713 | ASD | |
---|---|---|---|
Age at baseline, Mean ± SD | 46.96 ± 14.45 | 46.27 ± 14.34 | 0.046 |
<40 | 571(33.33%) | 606(35.38%) | |
40–59 | 821(47.93%) | 805(46.99%) | |
≥60 | 321(18.74%) | 302(17.63%) | |
Sex | 0.043 | ||
Female | 952(55.58%) | 978(57.09%) | |
Male | 761(44.42%) | 735(42.91%) | |
Urbanization | 0.062 | ||
Urban | 1133(66.14%) | 1179(68.83%) | |
Sub-urban | 448(26.15%) | 422(24.64%) | |
Rural | 132(7.71%) | 112(6.54%) | |
Low income | 18(1.05%) | 17(0.99%) | 0.006 |
CCIs | 0.024 | ||
0 | 789(46.06%) | 801(46.76%) | |
1–2 | 660(38.53%) | 651(38.00%) | |
≥3 | 264(15.41%) | 261(15.24%) | |
Co-morbidities | |||
Corneal disease | 81(4.73%) | 74(4.32%) | 0.020 |
Cataract | 93(5.43%) | 82(4.79%) | 0.029 |
Glaucoma | 31(1.81%) | 24(1.40%) | 0.033 |
AMD | 8(0.47%) | 2(0.12%) | 0.065 |
Blepharitis | 29(1.69%) | 32(1.87%) | 0.013 |
Chronic conjunctivitis | 314(18.33%) | 270(15.76%) | 0.068 |
Noninfectious dermatitis of eyelid | 3(0.18%) | 2(0.12%) | 0.015 |
Hypertension | 304(17.75%) | 295(17.22%) | 0.014 |
DM | 145(8.46%) | 142(8.29%) | 0.006 |
Renal disease | 49(2.86%) | 53(3.09%) | 0.014 |
Incidence | DVD (n = 1713) | Control (n = 1713) |
---|---|---|
Follow up person months | 41,339 | 41,659 |
Event of Subconjunctival hemorrhage | 131 | 98 |
Incidence rate * (95% CI) | 3.17 (2.67–3.76) | 2.35 (1.93–2.87) |
Crude HR (95% CI) | 2.85 (1.13–7.24) | Reference |
Adjusted HR (95% CI) | 2.69 (1.05–6.84) | Reference |
Subgroups | aHR | 95% CI | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Sub-group-sex | |||
Female | 2.97 | 0.94–9.36 | 0.0628 |
Male | 3.89 | 0.60–25.11 | 0.1540 |
Sub-group-age | |||
<40 | Cannot estimated | - | - |
40–59 | 2.31 | 0.72–7.43 | 0.1595 |
≥60 | 2.17 | 0.4–11.91 | 0.3730 |
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Lee, C.-Y.; Chen, H.-C.; Huang, J.-Y.; Sun, C.-C.; Yeh, C.-B.; Lin, H.-Y.; Yang, S.-F. Dermatologic Vasculature Diseases as a Risk Factor of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162865
Lee C-Y, Chen H-C, Huang J-Y, Sun C-C, Yeh C-B, Lin H-Y, Yang S-F. Dermatologic Vasculature Diseases as a Risk Factor of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(16):2865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162865
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Chia-Yi, Hung-Chi Chen, Jing-Yang Huang, Chi-Chin Sun, Chao-Bin Yeh, Hung-Yu Lin, and Shun-Fa Yang. 2019. "Dermatologic Vasculature Diseases as a Risk Factor of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16: 2865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162865