The Effects of Lighting Problems on Eye Symptoms among Cleanroom Microscope Workers
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Total (N = 91) | Without Dry Eye Symptoms (N = 53) | With Dry Eye Symptoms (N = 38) | p-Value | Without Eye Fatigue Symptom (N = 33) | With Eye Fatigue Symptom (N = 58) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Characteristics | |||||||
Sex (female) | 84 (92.3%) | 47 (88.7%) | 37 (97.4%) | 0.13 | 28 (84.8%) | 56 (96.6%) | 0.04 |
Age (years) | 31.5 ± 5.6 | 31.5 ± 6.1 | 31.4 ± 4.9 | 0.92 | 30.8 ± 5.6 | 31.9 ± 5.6 | 0.37 |
(19–43) | (19–43) | (19–40) | (19–41) | (19–43) | |||
History of myopia | 50 (54.9%) | 23 (43.4%) | 27 (71.1%) | <0.01 | 14 (42.4%) | 36 (62.1%) | 0.07 |
Non-Eye Related Factors | |||||||
Physical fatigue | 35 (38.5%) | 14 (26.4%) | 21 (55.3%) | <0.01 | 4 (12.1%) | 31 (53.4%) | <0.01 |
Shoulder pain | 34 (37.4%) | 13 (24.5%) | 21 (55.3%) | <0.01 | 5 (15.2%) | 29 (50.5%) | <0.01 |
Neck pain | 28 (30.8%) | 11 (20.8%) | 17 (44.7%) | 0.01 | 4 (12.1%) | 24 (41.4%) | <0.01 |
Work-Related Factors | |||||||
Night shift | 34 (37.4%) | 20 (37.7%) | 14 (36.8%) | 0.93 | 16 (48.5%) | 18 (31%) | 0.1 |
Experience at the job (months) | 14 (7–54.3) | 11 (6–52.8) | 23 (11–60.3) | 0.06 | 8 (4–15) | 29 (8–73) | <0.01 a |
Working time (minutes) | 165.1 ± 60.8 | 168.4 ± 67.7 | 161.5 ± 52.8 | 0.63 | 171.7 ± 78.6 | 162.0 ± 51.0 | 0.59 |
Break time (minutes) | 15.9 ± 16.7 | 18.0 ± 19.0 | 13.5 ± 13.6 | 0.26 | 24.8 ± 22.2 | 11.7 ± 11.4 | 0.01 |
Duration of visually demanding tasks per day (hours) | 10.2 ± 1.6 | 10.4 ± 1.4 | 10.1 ± 1.7 | 0.34 | 10.6 ± 1.0 | 10.0 ± 1.8 | 0.07 |
Duration spent on display screens per day (hours) | 9.4 ± 3.0 | 9.5 ± 3.1 | 9.4 ± 3.0 | 0.88 | 9.3 ± 3.4 | 9.5 ± 2.8 | 0.82 |
Shortest distance between eyes and objects (cm) | 29.7 ± 13.7 | 30.8 ± 14.5 | 28.4 ± 12.6 | 0.43 | 32.3 ± 14.9 | 28.5 ± 13.1 | 0.24 |
Variables | Total (N = 91) | Without Dry Eye Symptoms (N = 53) | With Dry Eye Symptoms (N = 38) | p-Value | Without Eye Fatigue Symptom (N = 33) | With Eye Fatigue Symptom (N = 58) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lighting Problems | |||||||
Disability glare | 16 (17.6%) | 7 (13.2%) | 9 (23.7%) | 0.20 | 6 (18.2%) | 10 (17.2%) | 0.91 |
Discomfort glare | 14 (15.4%) | 5 (9.4%) | 9 (23.7%) | 0.06 | 3 (9.1%) | 11 (19.0%) | 0.21 |
Required color discrimination | 48 (52.7%) | 25 (47.2%) | 23 (60.5%) | 0.21 | 15 (45.4%) | 33 (56.9%) | 0.29 |
Flicker | 16 (17.6%) | 7 (13.2%) | 9 (23.7%) | 0.20 | 6 (18.2%) | 10 (17.2%) | 0.91 |
Veiling reflections | 15 (16.5%) | 7 (13.2%) | 8 (21.1%) | 0.32 | 4 (12.1%) | 11 (19.0%) | 0.40 |
Counteracting Behaviors | |||||||
Needing to move closer | 27 (29.7) | 8 (15.1%) | 19 (50.0%) | <0.01 | 5 (15.1%) | 22 (37.9%) | 0.02 |
Frequent shifting to view from different angles | 23 (25.3) | 9 (17.0%) | 14 (36.8%) | 0.03 | 8 (24.2%) | 15 (25.9%) | 0.86 |
Variables | Crude OR (95% C.I.) | p-Value | aOR (95% C.I.) a | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||||
Sex | ||||
Female | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
Male | 0.21 (0.02–1.84) | 0.16 | 0.30 (0.03–2.95) | 0.30 |
Age (years) | 1.00 (0.92–1.07) | 0.92 | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 0.82 |
History of myopia | ||||
No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
Yes | 3.20 (1.32–7.77) | 0.01 | 2.40 (0.90–6.37) | 0.08 |
Counteracting behaviors | ||||
Needing to move closer | ||||
No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
Yes | 5.63 (2.10–15.06) | <0.01 | 3.47 (1.11–10.88) | 0.03 |
Frequent shifting to view from different angles | ||||
No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
Yes | 2.85 (1.08–7.55) | 0.04 | 1.57 (0.47–5.26) | 0.47 |
Variables | Crude OR (95% C.I.) | p-Value | aOR (95% C.I.) a | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Characteristics | ||||
Sex | ||||
Female | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
Male | 0.20 (0.04–1.10) | 0.06 | 0.48 (0.05–4.46) | 0.52 |
Age (years) | 1.04 (0.96–1.12) | 0.36 | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) | 0.77 |
Work-Related Factors | ||||
Experience at the job (months) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.01 | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | <0.01 |
Break time (minutes) | 0.96 (0.92–0.99) | <0.01 | 0.94 (0.91–0.98) | <0.01 |
Counteracting Behaviors | ||||
Needing to move closer | ||||
No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
Yes | 3.42 (1.15–10.17) | 0.03 | 3.46 (0.83–14.35) | 0.09 |
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Lin, K.-H.; Su, C.-C.; Chen, Y.-Y.; Chu, P.-C. The Effects of Lighting Problems on Eye Symptoms among Cleanroom Microscope Workers. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010101
Lin K-H, Su C-C, Chen Y-Y, Chu P-C. The Effects of Lighting Problems on Eye Symptoms among Cleanroom Microscope Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(1):101. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010101
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Kuan-Han, Chien-Chia Su, Yen-Yuan Chen, and Po-Ching Chu. 2019. "The Effects of Lighting Problems on Eye Symptoms among Cleanroom Microscope Workers" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 1: 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010101
APA StyleLin, K.-H., Su, C.-C., Chen, Y.-Y., & Chu, P.-C. (2019). The Effects of Lighting Problems on Eye Symptoms among Cleanroom Microscope Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(1), 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010101