Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15(4), 562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040562
Cycling for Transportation in Sao Paulo City: Associations with Bike Paths, Train and Subway Stations
Alex Antonio Florindo 1,2,*
, Ligia Vizeu Barrozo 3, Gavin Turrell 4, João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barbosa 2, William Cabral-Miranda 3, Chester Luiz Galvão Cesar 5 and Moisés Goldbaum 6
, Ligia Vizeu Barrozo 3, Gavin Turrell 4, João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barbosa 2, William Cabral-Miranda 3, Chester Luiz Galvão Cesar 5 and Moisés Goldbaum 6
1
School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City 03828-000, Brazil
2
Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City 01246-904, Brazil
3
Department of Geography, School of Philosophy, Literature and Human Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City 05508-080, Brazil
4
Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
5
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City 01246-904, Brazil
6
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City 01246-903, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 8 December 2017 / Revised: 28 February 2018 / Accepted: 2 March 2018 / Published: 21 March 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Mobility, Spatiotemporal Context, and Environmental Health: Recent Advances in Approaches and Methods)
Abstract
Cities that support cycling for transportation reap many public health benefits. However, the prevalence of this mode of transportation is low in Latin American countries and the association with facilities such as bike paths and train/subway stations have not been clarified. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between bike paths, train/subway stations and cycling for transportation in adults from the city of Sao Paulo. We used data from the Sao Paulo Health Survey (n = 3145). Cycling for transportation was evaluated by a questionnaire and bike paths and train/subway stations were geocoded using the geographic coordinates of the adults’ residential addresses in 1500-m buffers. We used multilevel logistic regression, taking account of clustering by census tract and households. The prevalence of cycling for transportation was low (5.1%), and was more prevalent in males, singles, those active in leisure time, and in people with bicycle ownership in their family. Cycling for transportation was associated with bike paths up to a distance of 500 m from residences (OR (Odds Ratio) = 2.54, 95% CI (Confidence interval) 1.16–5.54) and with the presence of train/subway stations for distances >500 m from residences (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.10–3.86). These results are important to support policies to improve cycling for transportation in megacities such as Sao Paulo. View Full-TextKeywords:
cycling for transportation; bike paths; train stations; subway stations; adults; Brazil
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Florindo, A.A.; Barrozo, L.V.; Turrell, G.; Barbosa, J.P.A.S.; Cabral-Miranda, W.; Cesar, C.L.G.; Goldbaum, M. Cycling for Transportation in Sao Paulo City: Associations with Bike Paths, Train and Subway Stations. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 562.
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