Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14(7), 701; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070701
Association between Excessive Use of Mobile Phone and Insomnia and Depression among Japanese Adolescents
1
Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
2
Department of Nursing, Sugiyama Jogakuen University, 17-3 Hoshigaoka-Motomachi, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8662, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 6 April 2017 / Revised: 12 June 2017 / Accepted: 26 June 2017 / Published: 29 June 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress and Health)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mobile phone use and insomnia and depression in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 295 high school students aged 15–19 in Japan. Insomnia and depression were assessed using Athene Insomnia Scales (AIS) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Mobile phones were owned by 98.6% of students; 58.6% used mobile phones for over 2 h per day and 10.5% used them for over 5 h per day. Overall mobile phone use of over 5 h per day was associated with shorter sleep duration and insomnia (OR: 3.89 [[95% CI: 1.21–12.49]), but not with depression. Mobile phone use of 2 h or more per day for social network services (OR: 3.63 [[1.20–10.98]) and online chats (OR: 3.14 [[1.42–6.95]), respectively, was associated with a higher risk of depression. Mobile phone overuse can be linked to unhealthy sleep habits and insomnia. Moreover, mobile phone overuse for social network services and online chats may contribute more to depression than the use for internet searching, playing games or viewing videos. View Full-TextKeywords:
adolescents; depression; insomnia; mobile phone; Japanese
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
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Tamura, H.; Nishida, T.; Tsuji, A.; Sakakibara, H. Association between Excessive Use of Mobile Phone and Insomnia and Depression among Japanese Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 701.
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