Annoyance from Road Traffic, Trains, Airplanes and from Total Environmental Noise Levels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Survey and Noise Annoyance Data
2.3. Noise Levels and Distance to Noise Sources
2.4. Survey Weights and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
Characteristics | % |
---|---|
Age categories | |
18–29 | 6.9 |
30–39 | 13.5 |
40–49 | 19.1 |
50–59 | 23.3 |
60–69 | 19.9 |
70–80 | 11.6 |
>80 | 5.7 |
Sex | |
Women | 48.2 |
Men | 51.8 |
Educational level | |
No diploma or elementary school | 8.0 |
High school | 17.5 |
College | 26.2 |
University degree | 48.3 |
Distance of residential postal code to noise source (in m) | median (range) |
Major road | 148 (1–2043) |
Railway | 722 (5–4531) |
NEF25 contour of Montreal International Airport | 5887 (0–25,743) |
Exposure by transportation noise source | |
Road (within 100 m of a major road) | 39.1 |
Airplanes (within 1000 m of NEF zone) | 24.4 |
Rail (within 150 m of a railway) | 19.1 |
Not-exposed | 29.7 |
Estimated LAeq24 noise level * | |
low (<55 dBA) | 7.9 |
medium (56–60 dBA) | 45.6 |
high (61–65 dBA) | 34.8 |
very high (>65 dBA) | 11.7 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ragettli, M.S.; Goudreau, S.; Plante, C.; Perron, S.; Fournier, M.; Smargiassi, A. Annoyance from Road Traffic, Trains, Airplanes and from Total Environmental Noise Levels. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2016, 13, 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010090
Ragettli MS, Goudreau S, Plante C, Perron S, Fournier M, Smargiassi A. Annoyance from Road Traffic, Trains, Airplanes and from Total Environmental Noise Levels. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016; 13(1):90. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010090
Chicago/Turabian StyleRagettli, Martina S., Sophie Goudreau, Céline Plante, Stéphane Perron, Michel Fournier, and Audrey Smargiassi. 2016. "Annoyance from Road Traffic, Trains, Airplanes and from Total Environmental Noise Levels" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 1: 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010090
APA StyleRagettli, M. S., Goudreau, S., Plante, C., Perron, S., Fournier, M., & Smargiassi, A. (2016). Annoyance from Road Traffic, Trains, Airplanes and from Total Environmental Noise Levels. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(1), 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010090