Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Test Media
2.2. Cell/Tissue Culture
2.3. Assessment of Cell Viability by MTT Assay
2.4. Assessment of Oxidative Stress by Lipid Hydroperoxide Assay
2.5. Assessment of DNA Damage by Comet Assay
2.6. Assessment of Apoptosis by Annexin V/PI Assay
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Inhibition of Cell Viability by Cadmium Chloride
3.2. Induction of Lipid Hydroperoxide by Cadmium Chloride
3.3. Induction of DNA Damage by Cadmium Chloride
3.4. Induction of Apoptosis by Cadmium Chloride
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Skipper, A.; Sims, J.N.; Yedjou, C.G.; Tchounwou, P.B. Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2016, 13, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010088
Skipper A, Sims JN, Yedjou CG, Tchounwou PB. Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016; 13(1):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010088
Chicago/Turabian StyleSkipper, Anthony, Jennifer N. Sims, Clement G. Yedjou, and Paul B. Tchounwou. 2016. "Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 1: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010088