Medical Efforts and Injury Patterns of Military Hospital Patients Following the 2013 Lushan Earthquake in China: A Retrospective Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Key Variables
2.4. Injury Coding
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Medical Evacuation and Admission
3.2. General Injury Profile
Number of Injury Diagnoses | Number (%) |
---|---|
1 | 118 (44.4) |
2 | 73 (27.4) |
3 | 45 (16.9) |
>3 | 30 (11.3) |
Injury Diagnoses | Body Region | Total Number (%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Head | Face | Thorax | Spine | Upper Extremities | Lower Extremities and Pelvis | Abdomen | Body Surface and Others | ||
Fracture | 7 | 11 | 25 | 50 | 21 | 102 | 0 | 0 | 216 (41.5) |
Soft tissue injury | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 29 | 1 | 90 | 143 (27.5) |
Contusion & Laceration | 57 | 13 | 10 | 0 | 13 | 33 | 2 | 2 | 130 (25.0) |
Crush injury | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 (1.2) |
Burns and Scalds | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 (1.0) |
Closed injury | 3 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 12 (2.3) |
Dislocation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 9 (1.7) |
Total Number (%) | 73 (14.0) | 28 (5.4) | 45 (8.6) | 52 (10.0) | 48 (9.2) | 178 (34.2) | 4 (0.8) | 93 (17.9) | 521 (100) |
Cause of Injury | Body Region | Total Number (%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Head | Face | Thorax | Spine | Upper Extremities | Lower Extremities and Pelvis | Abdomen | Body Surface and Others | ||
Hit/trapped by objects | 39 | 11 | 18 | 13 | 6 | 44 | 1 | 44 | 176 (33.8) |
Motor vehicle | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 17 (3.3) |
Burns/scalds | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 9 (1.7) |
Fall/slip | 7 | 4 | 5 | 11 | 11 | 24 | 1 | 10 | 73 (14.0) |
Cutting/piercing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 (2.5) |
Injured during rescue | 3 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 32 (6.1) |
Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.2) |
AIS Score | Body Region | Total Number (%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Head | Face | Thorax | Spine | Upper Extremities | Lower Extremities and Pelvis | Abdomen | Surface Area $ Others | ||
1 (minor) | 44 | 18 | 9 | 1 | 23 | 60 | 2 | 83 | 240 (46.1) |
3 | 7 | 2 | 18 | 3 | 5 | 29 | 0 | 1 | 65 (12.5) |
4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 (1.2) |
5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 7 (1.3) |
6 (fatal) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0) |
Associated Injury Diagnoses | Number (%) |
---|---|
Contusion & Laceration, Soft Tissue Injury | 26 (35.6) |
Head, body surface | 13 |
Lower extremities, body surface | 5 (6.5) |
Upper extremities | 3 (3.9) |
Head, lower extremities | 2 (2.6) |
Head, upper extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Head, Abdomen | 1 (1.3) |
Upper extremities, body surface | 1 (1.3) |
Fracture, Soft Tissue Injury | 14 (19.2) |
Spine, body surface | 5 (6.5) |
Spine, lower extremities | 3 (3.9) |
Lower extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Upper extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Lower & upper extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Lower extremities, head | 1 (1.3) |
Lower extremities, body surface | 1 (1.3) |
Rips, body surface | 1 (1.3) |
Two Fractures | 11 (15.1) |
Lower extremities | 7 (9.1) |
Spine | 2 (2.6) |
Lower extremities, face | 1 (1.3) |
Lower & upper extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Two Contusion & Laceration Injuries | 6 (8.2) |
Upper extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Head | 1 (1.3) |
Face | 1 (1.3) |
Head, face | 1 (1.3) |
Head, Lower extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Head, Thorax | 1 (1.3) |
Fracture, Contusion & Laceration | 4 (5.4) |
Lower extremities | 3 (3.9) |
Lower extremities, face | 1 (1.3) |
Fracture, Dislocation | 4 (5.4) |
Lower extremities | 3 (3.9) |
Upper extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Closed injury, Soft Tissue Injury | 3 (4.1) |
Head, body surface | 2 (2.6) |
Thorax, body surface | 1 (1.3) |
Fracture, Closed Injury | 2 (2.7) |
Thorax | 2 (2.6) |
Fracture, Closed Injury | 1 (1.3) |
Lower extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Two Soft Tissue Injuries | 1 (1.3) |
Thorax, lower extremities | 1 (1.3) |
Dislocation, Soft Tissue Injury | 1 (1.3) |
Spine, body surface | 1 (1.3) |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Key Messages
- Emergency transportation for severe injuries in the early phase after the earthquakes played a crucial role in decrease the mortality and morbidity.
- It is necessary for hospitals to initiate effective emergency measures while facing the peak admission flow within the initial 48-hour period.
- The injuries caused by earthquakes were always complex and of various patterns, which presented sudden and serious crisis for health management and treatment centers
- More attention should be paid to the importance of instructing correct methods of self-rescue to avoid unnecessary injuries when aftershock occurs.
Acknowledgements
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kang, P.; Tang, B.; Liu, Y.; Liu, X.; Liu, Z.; Lv, Y.; Zhang, L. Medical Efforts and Injury Patterns of Military Hospital Patients Following the 2013 Lushan Earthquake in China: A Retrospective Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 10723-10738. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120910723
Kang P, Tang B, Liu Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Lv Y, Zhang L. Medical Efforts and Injury Patterns of Military Hospital Patients Following the 2013 Lushan Earthquake in China: A Retrospective Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(9):10723-10738. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120910723
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Peng, Bihan Tang, Yuan Liu, Xu Liu, Zhipeng Liu, Yipeng Lv, and Lulu Zhang. 2015. "Medical Efforts and Injury Patterns of Military Hospital Patients Following the 2013 Lushan Earthquake in China: A Retrospective Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 9: 10723-10738. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120910723