Reasons for Starting and Stopping Electronic Cigarette Use
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Sample
2.2. Measures
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participant Characteristics
Characteristic | n | Weighted% |
---|---|---|
Participant | ||
Gender | ||
Male | 1544 | 49.2% |
Female | 2334 | 50.8% |
Age | ||
18–24 | 520 | 14.6% |
25–34 | 878 | 27.5% |
35–44 | 585 | 14.0% |
45–54 | 789 | 23.5% |
55–64 | 712 | 13.5% |
65 or older | 394 | 6.9% |
Education | ||
Less than high school | 213 | 8.9% |
High school | 995 | 39.9% |
Some college | 1837 | 36.8% |
Bachelor’s degree or higher | 833 | 14.3% |
Smoking status | ||
Non-smoker a | 158 | 9.7% |
Former smoker b | 392 | 18.7% |
Current non-daily smoker | 466 | 10.7% |
Current daily smoker | 2862 | 60.9% |
Intention to quit smoking c | ||
In the next year | 850 | 26.3% |
More than 1 year from now | 2003 | 58.3% |
Do not plan to quit | 475 | 15.5% |
E-cigarette use | ||
Former user | 2281 | 65.2% |
Current user d | 1597 | 34.8% |
Race/ethnicity | ||
Non-Hispanic White | 3072 | 71.0% |
Non-Hispanic Black | 248 | 9.2% |
Non-Hispanic other race or >1 race | 259 | 6.7% |
Hispanic | 299 | 13.2% |
Marital status | ||
Married or living with partner | 2169 | 57.1% |
Widowed | 145 | 3.0% |
Divorced or separated | 714 | 16.3% |
Never married | 850 | 23.6% |
Employment | ||
Working | 2150 | 59.2% |
Not working: laid off or looking for work | 517 | 14.2% |
Not working: retired, disabled, or other | 1211 | 26.6% |
Household | ||
Region | ||
Midwest | 955 | 23.5% |
Northeast | 608 | 14.6% |
South | 1360 | 39.7% |
West | 955 | 22.2% |
Household income | ||
Less than $25,000 | 1130 | 26.1% |
$25,000–$49,999 | 1153 | 25.0% |
$50,000–$74,999 | 793 | 19.6% |
$75,000–$99,999 | 415 | 16.0% |
$100,000 or more | 387 | 13.2% |
3.2. Starting E-Cigarette Use
3.3. Stopping E-Cigarette Use
Characteristic | Number Who Stopped Using E-Cigarettes/Total Number in Category (Unweighted n and Weighted %) | Bivariate | Multivariate (Includes Bivariate Correlates p < 0.05) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
Overall | 2281/3878 | (65.2) | ||||
Participant | ||||||
Gender | ||||||
Male (Ref) | 849/1544 | (62.7) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
Female | 1432/2334 | (67.7) | 1.25 | (1.02, 1.54) * | 1.23 | (1.00, 1.53) |
Age | ||||||
18–24 (Ref) | 306/520 | (61.5) | 1.00 | - | ||
25–34 | 473/878 | (63.4) | 1.08 | (0.76, 1.54) | ||
35–44 | 337/585 | (65.6) | 1.20 | (0.83, 1.73) | ||
45–54 | 475/789 | (66.5) | 1.24 | (0.87, 1.77) | ||
55–64 | 442/712 | (69.7) | 1.44 | (1.00, 2.08) | ||
65 or older | 248/394 | (66.7) | 1.26 | (0.80, 1.97) | ||
Education | ||||||
Less than high school (Ref) | 118/213 | (55.6) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
High school | 639/995 | (69.1) | 1.79 | (1.17, 2.74) ** | 1.97 | (1.27, 3.05) ** |
Some college | 1086/1837 | (64.2) | 1.44 | (0.95, 2.17) | 1.72 | (1.12, 2.65) * |
Bachelor’s degree or higher | 438/833 | (63.2) | 1.37 | (0.89, 2.13) | 1.66 | (1.03, 2.67) * |
Smoking status | ||||||
Non-smoker (Ref) | 126/158 | (82.0) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
Former smoker | 287/392 | (82.2) | 1.02 | (0.51, 2.01) | 0.92 | (0.46, 1.80) |
Current non-daily smoker | 225/466 | (50.0) | 0.22 | (0.11, 0.43) *** | 0.21 | (0.11, 0.40) *** |
Current daily smoker | 1643/2862 | (60.0) | 0.33 | (0.18, 0.60) *** | 0.29 | (0.16, 0.52) *** |
Race/ethnicity | ||||||
Non-Hispanic White (Ref) | 1868/3072 | (66.3) | 1.00 | - | ||
Non-Hispanic Black | 136/248 | (65.3) | 0.96 | (0.65, 1.40) | ||
Non-Hispanic other race or >1 race | 138/259 | (57.8) | 0.69 | (0.47, 1.03) | ||
Hispanic | 139/299 | (63.1) | 0.87 | (0.61, 1.25) | ||
Marital status | ||||||
Married or living with partner (Ref) | 1282/2169 | (65.6) | 1.00 | - | ||
Widowed | 82/145 | (67.8) | 1.10 | (0.63, 1.92) | ||
Divorced or separated | 446/714 | (69.7) | 1.21 | (0.90, 1.61) | ||
Never married | 471/850 | (61.0) | 0.82 | (0.63, 1.06) | ||
Employment | ||||||
Working (Ref) | 1184/2150 | (63.1) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
Not working: laid off or looking for work | 328/517 | (65.4) | 1.11 | (0.80, 1.52) | 1.04 | (0.74, 1.49) |
Not working: retired, disabled, or other | 769/1211 | (69.8) | 1.35 | (1.07, 1.71) * | 1.27 | (0.98, 1.64) |
Household | ||||||
Region | ||||||
Midwest (Ref) | 577/955 | (66.0) | 1.00 | - | ||
Northeast | 339/608 | (59.8) | 0.77 | (0.55, 1.06) | ||
South | 812/1360 | (65.7) | 0.99 | (0.76, 1.28) | ||
West | 553/955 | (67.1) | 1.05 | (0.78, 1.42) | ||
Annual household income | ||||||
Less than $25,000 (Ref) | 747/1130 | (69.2) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
$25,000–$49,999 | 691/1153 | (66.5) | 0.88 | (0.67, 1.16) | 0.89 | (0.67, 1.19) |
$50,000–$74,999 | 425/793 | (63.8) | 0.78 | (0.58, 1.06) | 0.86 | (0.61, 1.20) |
$75,000–$99,999 | 211/415 | (60.0) | 0.67 | (0.47, 0.95) * | 0.67 | (0.45, 0.99) * |
$100,000 or more | 207/387 | (63.6) | 0.77 | (0.54, 1.12) | 0.69 | (0.46, 1.03) |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Share and Cite
Pepper, J.K.; Ribisl, K.M.; Emery, S.L.; Brewer, N.T. Reasons for Starting and Stopping Electronic Cigarette Use. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 10345-10361. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111010345
Pepper JK, Ribisl KM, Emery SL, Brewer NT. Reasons for Starting and Stopping Electronic Cigarette Use. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014; 11(10):10345-10361. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111010345
Chicago/Turabian StylePepper, Jessica K., Kurt M. Ribisl, Sherry L. Emery, and Noel T. Brewer. 2014. "Reasons for Starting and Stopping Electronic Cigarette Use" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 10: 10345-10361. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111010345