Gender-Specific Associations between Perceived Neighbourhood Walkability and Meeting Walking Recommendations When Walking for Transport and Recreation for Czech Inhabitants over 50 Years of Age
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Participants and Settings
2.2. Measurements
2.2.1. Neighbourhood Environment
2.2.2. Physical Activity
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
Neighbourhood Walkability Attributes | Meeting Recommendations When Walking for Transportation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | |||
n (%) | OR (CI) | n (%) | OR (CI) | |
Residential density | ||||
low | 221 | 280 | ||
(37.4) | (48.1) | |||
high | 350 | 1.25 | 456 | 1.17 |
(42.4) | (0.98–1.61) | (54.3) | (0.93–1.48) | |
Land use-mix-proximity | ||||
low | 144 | 173 | ||
(37.1) | (44.7) | |||
high | 427 | 111 | 563 | 1.36 * |
(41.5) | (0.84–1.47) | (54.4) | (1.04–1.77) | |
Land use-mix-accessibility | ||||
low | 3 | 4 | ||
(33.3) | (54.1) | |||
high | 568 | 1.09 | 732 | 0.8 |
(40.3) | (0.27–4.45) | (51.7) | (0.17–3.72) | |
Street connectivity | ||||
low | 60 | 81 | ||
(32.1) | (32.1) | |||
high | 511 | 1.47 * | 511 | 0.85 |
(41.5) | (1.04–2.9) | (41.5) | (0.59–1.21) | |
Infrastructure for walking/cycling | ||||
low | 65 | 65 | ||
(42.2) | (51.3) | |||
high | 506 | 0.7 | 655 | 1.19 |
(40.1) | (0.48–1.02) | (51.8) | (0.81–1.76) | |
Neighbourhood aesthetics | ||||
low | 91 | 59 | ||
(37.9) | (43.7) | |||
high | 480 | 1.23 | 677 | 1.36 * |
(40.8) | (0.92–1.66) | (52.6) | (1.04–1.79) | |
Traffic and crime safety | ||||
low | 261 | 345 | ||
(37.5) | (49.7) | |||
high | 310 | 1.28 * | 391 | 1.01 |
(43.0) | (1.02–1.60) | (53.7) | (0.88–1.37) |
Neighbourhood Walkability Attributes | Meeting Recommendations When Walking for Leisure | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | |||
n (%) | OR (CI) | n (%) | OR (CI) | |
Residential density | ||||
low | 117 | 129 | ||
(19.8) | (22.2) | |||
high | 183 | 1.25 | 188 | 1.04 |
(22.2) | (0.92–1.68) | (22.4) | (0.76–1.33) | |
Land use-mix-proximity | ||||
low | 83 | 90 | ||
(21.4) | (23.3) | |||
high | 217 | 0.96 | 227 | 0.91 |
(21.1) | (0.69–1.35) | (21.9) | (0.66–1.25) | |
Land use-mix-accessibility | ||||
low | 3 | 1 | ||
(33.3) | (14.3) | |||
high | 279 | 0.49 | 316 | 1.88(0.22–16.03) |
(21.1) | (0.12–1.99) | (22.3) | ||
Street connectivity | ||||
low | 39 | 33 | ||
(20.9) | (20.9) | |||
high | 261 | 1.1 | 284 | 1.08 |
(21.2) | (0.73–1.66) | (22.5) | (0.70–1.66) | |
Infrastructure for walking/cycling | ||||
low | 35 | 25 | ||
(22.7) | (18.5) | |||
high | 265 | 0.82 | 292 | 1.23 |
(21.0) | (0.53–1.28) | (22.7) | (0.76–1.99) | |
Neighbourhood aesthetics | ||||
low | 46 | 54 | ||
(19.2) | (18.9) | |||
high | 254 | 1.27 | 263 | 1.31 |
(21.6) | (0.88–1.84) | (23.2) | (0.93–1.84) | |
Traffic and crime safety | ||||
low | 143 | 151 | ||
(20.6) | (21.8) | |||
high | 157 | 1.12 | 166 | 1.07 |
(21.8) | (0.85–1.46) | (22.8) | (0.82–1.39) |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Sallis, J.F.; Owen, N.; Fisher, E.B. Ecological models of health behavior. In Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice, 4th ed.; Glanz, K., Rimer, B.K., Viswanth, K., Eds.; Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, CA, USA, 2008; pp. 465–486. [Google Scholar]
- Shibata, A.; Oka, K.; Harada, K.; Nakamura, Y.; Muraoka, I. Psychological, social, and environmental factors to meeting physical activity recommendations among Japanese adults. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. 2009, 6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Spence, J.C.; Plotnikoff, R.C.; Rovniak, L.S.; Ginis, K.M.; Rodgers, W.; Lear, S.A. Perceived neighbourhood correlates of walking among participants visiting the Canada on the Move website. Can. J. Public Health 2006, 97, S39–S44. [Google Scholar]
- Sugiyama, T.; Salmon, J.; Dunstan, D.W.; Bauman, A.E.; Owen, N. Neighborhood walkability and TV viewing time among Australian adults. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 2007, 33, 444–449. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Van Dyck, D.; Cerin, E.; Conway, T.L.; de Bourdeaudhuij, I.; Owen, N.; Kerr, J.; Cardon, G.; Frank, L.D.; Saelens, B.E.; Sallis, J.F. Perceived neighborhood environmental attributes associated with adults transport-related walking and cycling: Findings from the USA, Australia, and Belgium. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. 2012, 9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Humpel, N.; Owen, N.; Iverson, D.; Leslie, E.; Bauman, A. Perceived environment attributes, residential location, and walking for particular purposes. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 2004, 26, 119–125. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wendel-Vos, W.; Droomers, M.; Kremers, S.; Brug, J.; van Lenthe, F. Potential environmental determinants of physical activity in adults: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. 2007, 8, 425–440. [Google Scholar]
- Giles-Corti, B.; Timperio, A.; Bull, F.; Pikora, T. Understanding physical activity environmental correlates: Increased specificity for ecological models. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. 2005, 33, 175–181. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Owen, N.; Humpel, N.; Leslie, E.; Bauman, A.; Sallis, J.F. Understanding environmental influences on walking: Review and research agenda. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 2004, 27, 67–76. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Frömel, K.; Mitáš, J.; Kerr, J. The associations between active lifestyle, the size of a community and SES of the adult population in the Czech Republic. Health Place 2009, 15, 447–454. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Belza, B.; Walwick, J.; Schwartz, S.; LoGerfo, J.; Shiu-Thornton, S.; Taylor, M. Older Adult Perspectives on Physical Activity and Exercise: Voices from Multiple Cultures. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1277949/#__ffn_sectitle (accessed on 23 December 2013).
- Cerin, E.; Saelens, B.E.; Sallis, J.F.; Frank, L.D. Neighborhood environment walkability scale: Validity and development of a short form. Med. Sci. Sport. Exercise 2006, 38, 1682–1691. [Google Scholar]
- Craig, C.L.; Marshall, A.L.; Sjostrom, M.; Bauman, A.E.; Booth, M.L.; Ainsworth, B.E.; Pratt, M.; Ekelund, U.; Yngve, A.; Sallis, J.F.; Oja, P. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med. Sci. Sport. Exercise 2003, 35, 1381–1395. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Cultural Adaptation. Available online: http://www.ipaq.ki.se/cultural.htm (accessed on 27 December 2013).
- Pelclová, J.; Vašíčková, J.; Frömel, K.; Djordjević, I. Leisure time, occupational, domestic, and commuting physical activity of inhabitants of the Czech Republic aged 55–69: Influence of socio-demographic and environmental factors. Acta Univ. Palackianae Olomucensis. Gymnica 2009, 39, 13–20. [Google Scholar]
- Haskell, W.L.; Lee, I.M.; Pate, R.R.; Powell, K.E.; Blair, S.N.; Franklin, B.A.; Macera, C.A.; Heath, G.W.; Thompson, P.D.; Bauman, A. Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American college of sports medicine and the American heart association. Circulation 2007, 116, 1081–1093. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sallis, J.F. Scoring for the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale—Abbreviated (NEWS-A). Available online: http://sallis.ucsd.edu/Documents/Measures_documents/NEWS_A_scoring.pdf (accessed on 23 December 2013).
- McCormack, G.R.; Shiell, A. In search of causality: A systematic review of the relationship between the built environment and physical activity among adults. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. 2011, 8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Saelens, B.E.; Handy, S.L. Built environment correlates of walking: A review. Med. Sci. Sport. Exercise 2008, 40, S550–S566. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ball, K.; Jeffery, R.W.; Crawford, D.A.; Roberts, R.J.; Salmon, J.; Timperio, A.F. Mismatch between perceived and objective measures of physical activity environments. Prev. Med. 2008, 47, 294–298. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Brownson, R.C.; Hoehner, C.M.; Day, K.; Forsyth, A.; Sallis, J.F. Measuring the built environment for physical activity: State of the science. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 2009, 36, S99–S123. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hoehner, C.M.; Ramirez, L.K.B.; Elliott, M.B.; Handy, S.L.; Brownson, R.C. Perceived and objective environmental measures and physical activity among urban adults. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 2005, 28, 105–116. [Google Scholar]
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Share and Cite
Pelclová, J.; Frömel, K.; Cuberek, R. Gender-Specific Associations between Perceived Neighbourhood Walkability and Meeting Walking Recommendations When Walking for Transport and Recreation for Czech Inhabitants over 50 Years of Age. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 527-536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110100527
Pelclová J, Frömel K, Cuberek R. Gender-Specific Associations between Perceived Neighbourhood Walkability and Meeting Walking Recommendations When Walking for Transport and Recreation for Czech Inhabitants over 50 Years of Age. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014; 11(1):527-536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110100527
Chicago/Turabian StylePelclová, Jana, Karel Frömel, and Roman Cuberek. 2014. "Gender-Specific Associations between Perceived Neighbourhood Walkability and Meeting Walking Recommendations When Walking for Transport and Recreation for Czech Inhabitants over 50 Years of Age" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 1: 527-536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110100527