New Polyphenols from a Deep Sea Spiromastix sp. Fungus, and Their Antibacterial Activities
1
College of Marine Life, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
3
Institute für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Geb.26.23, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
4
Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Johannes F. Imhoff
Mar. Drugs 2015, 13(4), 2526-2540; https://doi.org/10.3390/md13042526
Received: 11 February 2015 / Revised: 7 April 2015 / Accepted: 13 April 2015 / Published: 22 April 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds from Marine Fungi)
Eleven new polyphenols namely spiromastols A–K (1–11) were isolated from the fermentation broth of a deep sea-derived fungus Spiromastix sp. MCCC 3A00308. Their structures were determined by extensive NMR data and mass spectroscopic analysis in association with chemical conversion. The structures are classified as diphenyl ethers, diphenyl esters and isocoumarin derivatives, while the n-propyl group in the analogues is rarely found in natural products. Compounds 1–3 exhibited potent inhibitory effects against a panel of bacterial strains, including Xanthomanes vesicatoria, Pseudomonas lachrymans, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Ralstonia solanacearum, Bacillus thuringensis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.25 to 4 µg/mL. The structure-activity relationships are discussed, while the polychlorinated analogues 1–3 are assumed to be a promising structural model for further development as antibacterial agents.
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Keywords:
fungus from deep sea; Spiromastix sp.; spiromastols A–K; polyphenols; antibacterial activities
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MDPI and ACS Style
Niu, S.; Liu, D.; Proksch, P.; Shao, Z.; Lin, W. New Polyphenols from a Deep Sea Spiromastix sp. Fungus, and Their Antibacterial Activities. Mar. Drugs 2015, 13, 2526-2540.
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