Biosynthesis of Akaeolide and Lorneic Acids and Annotation of Type I Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters in the Genome of Streptomyces sp. NPS554
1
Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
2
Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), 2-5-8 Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
3
Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), 2-4-19 Nishihara, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0066, Japan
4
Central Research Laboratory, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo Innovation Center, 1-32-3 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0991, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Kirk R. Gustafson
Mar. Drugs 2015, 13(1), 581-596; https://doi.org/10.3390/md13010581
Received: 3 December 2014 / Accepted: 9 January 2015 / Published: 16 January 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds from Marine Microbes)
The incorporation pattern of biosynthetic precursors into two structurally unique polyketides, akaeolide and lorneic acid A, was elucidated by feeding experiments with 13C-labeled precursors. In addition, the draft genome sequence of the producer, Streptomyces sp. NPS554, was performed and the biosynthetic gene clusters for these polyketides were identified. The putative gene clusters contain all the polyketide synthase (PKS) domains necessary for assembly of the carbon skeletons. Combined with the 13C-labeling results, gene function prediction enabled us to propose biosynthetic pathways involving unusual carbon-carbon bond formation reactions. Genome analysis also indicated the presence of at least ten orphan type I PKS gene clusters that might be responsible for the production of new polyketides.
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Keywords:
polyketide; marine actinomycete; Streptomyces; biosynthesis; genome
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zhou, T.; Komaki, H.; Ichikawa, N.; Hosoyama, A.; Sato, S.; Igarashi, Y. Biosynthesis of Akaeolide and Lorneic Acids and Annotation of Type I Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters in the Genome of Streptomyces sp. NPS554. Mar. Drugs 2015, 13, 581-596.
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