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Review

Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities

by
Wamidh H. Talib
1,*,
Asma Ismail Mahmod
1,
Ayah Kamal
1,
Hasan M. Rashid
1,
Aya M. D. Alashqar
1,
Samar Khater
1,
Duaa Jamal
1 and
Mostafa Waly
2
1
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
2
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 34-123, Oman
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2021, 43(2), 558-589; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43020042
Submission received: 2 May 2021 / Revised: 19 June 2021 / Accepted: 21 June 2021 / Published: 3 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Involvement of Medicinal Plants and Food in the Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Prevention)
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Abstract

Although cancer is still one of the most significant global challenges facing public health, the world still lacks complementary approaches that would significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer therapies. One of the essential strategies during cancer treatment is following a healthy diet program. The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently emerged as a metabolic therapy in cancer treatment, targeting cancer cell metabolism rather than a conventional dietary approach. The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat and very-low-carbohydrate with adequate amounts of protein, has shown antitumor effects by reducing energy supplies to cells. This low energy supply inhibits tumor growth, explaining the ketogenic diet’s therapeutic mechanisms in cancer treatment. This review highlights the crucial mechanisms that explain the ketogenic diet’s potential antitumor effects, which probably produces an unfavorable metabolic environment for cancer cells and can be used as a promising adjuvant in cancer therapy. Studies discussed in this review provide a solid background for researchers and physicians to design new combination therapies based on KD and conventional therapies.
Keywords: alternative cancer therapies; anticancer diet; targeting cancer metabolism; calories restriction alternative cancer therapies; anticancer diet; targeting cancer metabolism; calories restriction

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MDPI and ACS Style

Talib, W.H.; Mahmod, A.I.; Kamal, A.; Rashid, H.M.; Alashqar, A.M.D.; Khater, S.; Jamal, D.; Waly, M. Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2021, 43, 558-589. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43020042

AMA Style

Talib WH, Mahmod AI, Kamal A, Rashid HM, Alashqar AMD, Khater S, Jamal D, Waly M. Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2021; 43(2):558-589. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43020042

Chicago/Turabian Style

Talib, Wamidh H., Asma Ismail Mahmod, Ayah Kamal, Hasan M. Rashid, Aya M. D. Alashqar, Samar Khater, Duaa Jamal, and Mostafa Waly. 2021. "Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 43, no. 2: 558-589. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43020042

APA Style

Talib, W. H., Mahmod, A. I., Kamal, A., Rashid, H. M., Alashqar, A. M. D., Khater, S., Jamal, D., & Waly, M. (2021). Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 43(2), 558-589. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43020042

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