Validation of a Sensor-Based Dynamic Ski Deflection Measurement in the Lab and Proof-of-Concept Field Investigation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Further Developed PyzoFlex® Prototype for the Detection of the Local Ski Bending Curvature
2.2. Reliability and Validity Assessment in the Laboratory
2.2.1. Experimental Setup
2.2.2. Data Processing–Motion Capture System
2.2.3. Data Processing—PyzoFlex® Sensor System
2.2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.3. Proof-of-Concept Field Measurement
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Report of Lab Data
3.2. Instrument Reliability and Accuracy
3.3. Criterion Validity
3.4. Proof-of-Concept Field Measurement
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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p (t-Test) | CIM (%, 95% CI) | CV (%, 95% CI) | ICC 3.1 (95% CI) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
vslow | cycle 1 vs. 10 | 0.010 | 0.09 (0.00–0.18) | 0.26 (0.22–0.31) | 0.999 (0.999–0.999) |
cycle 10 vs. 20 | n.s. | 0.01 (−0.06–0.08) | 0.21 (0.18–0.26) | 0.999 (0.999–0.999) | |
vmedium | cycle 1 vs. 10 | 0.016 | 0.14 (0.05–0.24) | 0.28 (0.24–0.34) | 0.999 (0.999–0.999) |
cycle 10 vs. 20 | n.s. | −0.01 (-0.08–0.07) | 0.22 (0.19–0.26) | 0.999 (0.999–0.999) | |
vfast | cycle 1 vs. 10 | <0.001 | 0.24 (0.17–0.31) | 0.21 (0.18–0.25) | 0.999 (0.999–0.999) |
cycle 10 vs. 20 | <0.001 | −0.69 (-0.75–0.63) | 0.17 (0.15–0.21) | 0.999 (0.999–0.999) |
p (t-Test) | CIM (%, 95% CI) | CV (%, 95% CI) | ICC 3.1 (95% CI) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cycle 1, 10 and 20 | vslow vs. vmedium | <0.001 | 1.84 (1.25–2.43) | 3.05 (2.74–3.38) | 0.997 (0.996–0.998) |
vslow vs. vfast | <0.001 | 3.03 (2.61–3.46) | 2.18 (1.99–2.41) | 0.999 (0.998–0.999) |
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Thorwartl, C.; Kröll, J.; Tschepp, A.; Holzer, H.; Teufl, W.; Stöggl, T. Validation of a Sensor-Based Dynamic Ski Deflection Measurement in the Lab and Proof-of-Concept Field Investigation. Sensors 2022, 22, 5768. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155768
Thorwartl C, Kröll J, Tschepp A, Holzer H, Teufl W, Stöggl T. Validation of a Sensor-Based Dynamic Ski Deflection Measurement in the Lab and Proof-of-Concept Field Investigation. Sensors. 2022; 22(15):5768. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155768
Chicago/Turabian StyleThorwartl, Christoph, Josef Kröll, Andreas Tschepp, Helmut Holzer, Wolfgang Teufl, and Thomas Stöggl. 2022. "Validation of a Sensor-Based Dynamic Ski Deflection Measurement in the Lab and Proof-of-Concept Field Investigation" Sensors 22, no. 15: 5768. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155768