The Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (SIFIS) Onboard the First Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (TECIS-1): Specifications and Prospects
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. The TECIS-1 Satellite and SIF Payload
2.2. Simulated Experiment
2.3. Data-Driven SIF Retrieval Method
2.4. Metrics Used for Accuracy Assessment
3. Results
3.1. Performance of the PCA Data-Driven Approach for Fitting the TOA Radiance
3.2. Performance of the PCA Data-Driven Approach for SIF Retrieval
3.3. Performance of SIF Retrievals Using Simulations with Different SRs and SNRs
4. Discussion
4.1. Uncertainty in the SIF Retrieval Method
4.2. Determination of SR, SNR, Spectral Range, and Other Requirements for the SIFIS and the TECIS-1 Satellite
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Satellite/ Sensor | Data Available From | Equatorial Crossing Time | Spectral Coverage (nm) | Spectral Resolution (nm) | Spatial Resolution | Swath (km) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GOSAT | 04/2009 | 1:00 pm | 757–775 | 0.025 | 10 km diam. | 750 |
OCO-2 | 08/2014 | 1:30 pm | 757–771 | 0.042 | 1.3 km × 2.25 km | 10.3 |
TanSat | 02/2017 | 1:30 pm | 758–778 | 0.044 | 2 km × 2 km | 20 |
SCIAMACHY | 03/2002 | 10:00 am | 650–790 | 0.5 | 30 km × 240 km or 30 km × 60 km ** | 240 |
GOME-2 | 01/2007 | 9:30 am | 650–790 | 0.5 | 40 km × 80 km or 40 km × 40 km * | 1920 |
TROPOMI | 11/2017 | 1:30 pm | 675–775 | 0.5 | 3.5 km × 7 km | 2600 |
FLEX | To be launched in 2022 | 10:00 am | 500–780 | 0.3−2.0 | 0.3 km × 0.3 km | 150 |
TECIS-1 | To be launched in 2021 | 10:30 am | 670–780 | 0.3 | 2 km × 2 km | 34 |
Parameter | Description | Value/Range | Unit |
---|---|---|---|
N | Leaf thickness parameters | 1.4 | - |
LAI | Leaf area index | 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 | |
fqe | Fluorescence quantum yield efficiency at photosystem level | 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 | - |
Cab | Leaf chlorophyll a + b content | 5, 10, 20, 40 | μg cm−2 |
Cdm | Leaf equivalent water thickness | 0.012 | g cm−2 |
Cw | Dry matter content | 0.009 | cm |
Parameter | Description | Value | Units |
---|---|---|---|
MODEL | Geographical-seasonal model atmospheres | 2, 3 | - |
H2OSTR | Vertical water vapor column | 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4 | g cm−2 |
O3STR | Vertical ozone column | 0.2 | atm-cm |
IHAZE | Type of extinction | 1 | - |
VIS | Surface meteorological range | −0.1, −0.2, −0.3, −0.4, −0.5, −0.6 | km |
H2 | Final altitude | 0.01, 0.05, 1, 2 | km |
ANGLE | Initial zenith angle as measured from H1 | 164, 180 | degree |
RO | Radius of the earth at the particular latitude | 6378.39, 6371.23, 6356.91 | km |
PARM2 | Solar zenith angle at H1 | 15, 30, 45, 70 | degree |
V1 | Initial frequency (as a wavenumber) | 12,500 | cm−1 |
V2 | Final frequency | 16,667 | cm−1 |
Experiment | No. | SR (nm) | SNR |
---|---|---|---|
Exp I | 1 | 0.1 | 127 |
2 | 0.3 | 322 | |
3 | 0.5 | 472 | |
Exp II | 4 | 0.1 | No |
5 | 0.3 | No | |
6 | 0.5 | No | |
7 | 0.1 | 322 | |
8 | 0.5 | 322 | |
Exp III | 9 | 0.3 | 450 |
Exp IV | 10 | 0.1 | 50, 80, 100, 127, 150, 200 |
11 | 0.3 | 200, 250, 300, 322, 350, 400, 450, 500 |
Line | Band | SR (nm) | SNR | RMS diff | r | σ | Slope | Bias | Intercept | RMS diff* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Far-red | 0.1 | No | 0.66 | 1.00 | 1.43 | 0.79 | −0.04 | −0.05 | 0.03 |
2 | 0.3 | No | 0.69 | 1.00 | 1.46 | 0.81 | −0.11 | −0.14 | 0.07 | |
3 | 0.5 | No | 0.73 | 1.00 | 1.48 | 0.82 | −0.18 | −0.23 | 0.12 | |
4 | 0.1 | 127 | 0.64 | 1.00 | 1.45 | 0.80 | −0.02 | −0.03 | 0.15 | |
5 | 0.3 | 322 | 0.69 | 0.99 | 1.47 | 0.81 | −0.10 | −0.13 | 0.20 | |
6 | 0.5 | 472 | 0.74 | 0.99 | 1.50 | 0.82 | −0.18 | −0.22 | 0.26 | |
7 | 0.1 | 322 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 1.44 | 0.80 | −0.04 | −0.05 | 0.07 | |
8 | 0.5 | 322 | 0.76 | 0.98 | 1.52 | 0.83 | −0.18 | −0.21 | 0.35 | |
9 | 0.3 | 450 | 0.49 | 0.99 | 1.50 | 0.82 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.17 | |
10 | Red | 0.1 | No | 0.35 | 1.00 | 0.49 | 0.73 | −0.03 | −0.04 | 0.04 |
11 | 0.3 | No | 0.38 | 0.99 | 0.49 | 0.73 | −0.05 | −0.07 | 0.07 | |
12 | 0.5 | No | 0.56 | 0.93 | 0.47 | 0.67 | −0.17 | −0.25 | 0.18 | |
13 | 0.1 | 127 | 0.49 | 0.84 | 0.58 | 0.73 | −0.04 | −0.05 | 0.43 | |
14 | 0.3 | 322 | 0.60 | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.71 | −0.07 | −0.08 | 0.62 | |
15 | 0.5 | 472 | 0.96 | 0.49 | 0.94 | 0.69 | −0.13 | −0.11 | 1.30 | |
16 | 0.1 | 322 | 0.37 | 0.97 | 0.51 | 0.74 | −0.03 | −0.03 | 0.18 | |
17 | 0.5 | 322 | 1.59 | 0.27 | 1.48 | 0.61 | −0.25 | −0.34 | 5.61 | |
18 | 0.3 | 450 | 0.54 | 0.82 | 0.57 | 0.70 | −0.08 | −0.10 | 0.47 |
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Du, S.; Liu, L.; Liu, X.; Zhang, X.; Gao, X.; Wang, W. The Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (SIFIS) Onboard the First Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (TECIS-1): Specifications and Prospects. Sensors 2020, 20, 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030815
Du S, Liu L, Liu X, Zhang X, Gao X, Wang W. The Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (SIFIS) Onboard the First Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (TECIS-1): Specifications and Prospects. Sensors. 2020; 20(3):815. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030815
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Shanshan, Liangyun Liu, Xinjie Liu, Xinwei Zhang, Xianlian Gao, and Weigang Wang. 2020. "The Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (SIFIS) Onboard the First Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (TECIS-1): Specifications and Prospects" Sensors 20, no. 3: 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030815
APA StyleDu, S., Liu, L., Liu, X., Zhang, X., Gao, X., & Wang, W. (2020). The Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (SIFIS) Onboard the First Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory Satellite (TECIS-1): Specifications and Prospects. Sensors, 20(3), 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030815