Sensors 2018, 18(2), 437; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020437
Accurate Energy Consumption Modeling of IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH Using Dual-Band OpenMote Hardware
Glenn Daneels *
, Esteban Municio, Bruno Van de Velde, Glenn Ergeerts, Maarten Weyn, Steven Latré and Jeroen Famaey
, Esteban Municio, Bruno Van de Velde, Glenn Ergeerts, Maarten Weyn, Steven Latré and Jeroen FamaeyIDLab Research Group, University of Antwerp—imec, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 24 November 2017 / Revised: 30 January 2018 / Accepted: 31 January 2018 / Published: 2 February 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Harvesting Sensors for Long Term Applications in the IoT Era)
Abstract
The Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) mode of the IEEE 802.15.4e amendment aims to improve reliability and energy efficiency in industrial and other challenging Internet-of-Things (IoT) environments. This paper presents an accurate and up-to-date energy consumption model for devices using this IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH mode. The model identifies all network-related CPU and radio state changes, thus providing a precise representation of the device behavior and an accurate prediction of its energy consumption. Moreover, energy measurements were performed with a dual-band OpenMote device, running the OpenWSN firmware. This allows the model to be used for devices using 2.4 GHz, as well as 868 MHz. Using these measurements, several network simulations were conducted to observe the TSCH energy consumption effects in end-to-end communication for both frequency bands. Experimental verification of the model shows that it accurately models the consumption for all possible packet sizes and that the calculated consumption on average differs less than 3% from the measured consumption. This deviation includes measurement inaccuracies and the variations of the guard time. As such, the proposed model is very suitable for accurate energy consumption modeling of TSCH networks. View Full-TextKeywords:
IEEE 802.15.4e; TSCH; energy modeling; OpenMote
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Daneels, G.; Municio, E.; Van de Velde, B.; Ergeerts, G.; Weyn, M.; Latré, S.; Famaey, J. Accurate Energy Consumption Modeling of IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH Using Dual-Band OpenMote Hardware. Sensors 2018, 18, 437.
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