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Sensors
Volume 17
Issue 6
10.3390/s17061415
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Article

High Sensitivity Refractometer Based on Reflective Smf-Small Diameter No Core Fiber Structure

by
Guorui Zhou
1,2,†,
Qiang Wu
2,*,†,
Rahul Kumar
2,†,
Wai Pang Ng
2,
Hao Liu
1,
Longfei Niu
1,
Nageswara Lalam
2,
Xiaodong Yuan
1,
Yuliya Semenova
3,
Gerald Farrell
3,
Jinhui Yuan
4,
Chongxiu Yu
4,
Jie Zeng
5,
Gui Yun Tian
6 and
Yong Qing Fu
2
1
Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
2
Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
3
Photonics Research Centre, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 8, Ireland
4
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
5
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
6
School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Sensors 2017, 17(6), 1415; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061415
Received: 23 March 2017 / Revised: 29 May 2017 / Accepted: 14 June 2017 / Published: 16 June 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Specialty Optical Fibers for Chemical and Biochemical Sensing: From Evanescent Waves to Plasmonic Interaction)
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Abstract

A high sensitivity refractive index sensor based on a single mode-small diameter no core fiber structure is proposed. In this structure, a small diameter no core fiber (SDNCF) used as a sensor probe, was fusion spliced to the end face of a traditional single mode fiber (SMF) and the end face of the SDNCF was coated with a thin film of gold to provide reflective light. The influence of SDNCF diameter and length on the refractive index sensitivity of the sensor has been investigated by both simulations and experiments, where results show that the diameter of SDNCF has significant influence. However, SDNCF length has limited influence on the sensitivity. Experimental results show that a sensitivity of 327 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) has been achieved for refractive indices ranging from 1.33 to 1.38, which agrees well with the simulated results with a sensitivity of 349.5 nm/RIU at refractive indices ranging from 1.33 to 1.38. View Full-Text
Keywords: optical fiber sensor; refractometer; single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) structure; no core fiber optical fiber sensor; refractometer; single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) structure; no core fiber
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhou, G.; Wu, Q.; Kumar, R.; Ng, W.P.; Liu, H.; Niu, L.; Lalam, N.; Yuan, X.; Semenova, Y.; Farrell, G.; Yuan, J.; Yu, C.; Zeng, J.; Tian, G.Y.; Fu, Y.Q. High Sensitivity Refractometer Based on Reflective Smf-Small Diameter No Core Fiber Structure. Sensors 2017, 17, 1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061415

AMA Style

Zhou G, Wu Q, Kumar R, Ng WP, Liu H, Niu L, Lalam N, Yuan X, Semenova Y, Farrell G, Yuan J, Yu C, Zeng J, Tian GY, Fu YQ. High Sensitivity Refractometer Based on Reflective Smf-Small Diameter No Core Fiber Structure. Sensors. 2017; 17(6):1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061415

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhou, Guorui, Qiang Wu, Rahul Kumar, Wai Pang Ng, Hao Liu, Longfei Niu, Nageswara Lalam, Xiaodong Yuan, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell, Jinhui Yuan, Chongxiu Yu, Jie Zeng, Gui Yun Tian, and Yong Qing Fu. 2017. "High Sensitivity Refractometer Based on Reflective Smf-Small Diameter No Core Fiber Structure" Sensors 17, no. 6: 1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061415

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