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Volume 27
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10.3390/ijms27020693
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of LBD Gene Family in Neolamarckia cadamba

by
Chuqing Cai
,
Linhan Tang
,
Guichen Jian
,
Qiuyan Qin
,
Huan Fan
,
Jianxia Zhang
,
Changcao Peng
,
Xiaolan Zhao
and
Jianmei Long
*
Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020693
Submission received: 9 November 2025 / Revised: 1 January 2026 / Accepted: 6 January 2026 / Published: 9 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors characterized by a typical N-terminal LOB domain and are critical for plant growth, development, and stress response. Currently, LBD genes have been investigated in various plant species, but they have yet to be identified in Neolamarckia cadamba, known as a ‘miracle tree’ for its fast growth and acknowledged for its potential medicinal value in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia. In this study, a total of 65 NcLBD members were identified in N. cadamba by whole-genome bioinformatics analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed their classification into two clades with seven distinct groups, and their uneven distribution across 18 chromosomes, along with 6 tandem repeats and 58 segmental duplications. Furthermore, enrichment analysis of transcription factor binding motifs within NcLBD promoters identified the MYB-related and WRKY families exhibited the most significant enrichment in the NcLBD promoter. Protein interaction network analysis revealed potential interactions among NcLBD proteins, as well as their interactions with various transcription factors. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses of NcLBDs transcript levels showed distinct expression patterns both across various tissues and under different hormone and abiotic stress conditions. Specifically, NcLBD3, NcLBD37, and NcLBD47 were highly expressed in vascular cells and induced by abiotic stress, including cold, drought, and salt, suggesting their significant role in the processes. In summary, our genome-wide analysis comprehensively identified and characterized LBD gene family in N. cadamba, laying a solid foundation for further elucidating the biological functions of NcLBD genes.
Keywords: LBD gene family; Neolamarckia cadamba; expression pattern; abiotic stress LBD gene family; Neolamarckia cadamba; expression pattern; abiotic stress

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Cai, C.; Tang, L.; Jian, G.; Qin, Q.; Fan, H.; Zhang, J.; Peng, C.; Zhao, X.; Long, J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of LBD Gene Family in Neolamarckia cadamba. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020693

AMA Style

Cai C, Tang L, Jian G, Qin Q, Fan H, Zhang J, Peng C, Zhao X, Long J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of LBD Gene Family in Neolamarckia cadamba. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026; 27(2):693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020693

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cai, Chuqing, Linhan Tang, Guichen Jian, Qiuyan Qin, Huan Fan, Jianxia Zhang, Changcao Peng, Xiaolan Zhao, and Jianmei Long. 2026. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of LBD Gene Family in Neolamarckia cadamba" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 27, no. 2: 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020693

APA Style

Cai, C., Tang, L., Jian, G., Qin, Q., Fan, H., Zhang, J., Peng, C., Zhao, X., & Long, J. (2026). Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of LBD Gene Family in Neolamarckia cadamba. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(2), 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020693

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