Reduction of Obesity and Insulin Resistance through Dual Targeting of VAT and BAT by a Novel Combination of Metabolic Cofactors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. MC Supplementation Alleviates Obese Diet-Induced Obesity
2.2. MC Supplementation Improves Adiposity by Decreasing Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Epididymal Adipose Tissue, with Beneficial Effects on Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Oxidation
2.3. MC Supplementation Reduced Insulin Resistance Associated with Obesity
2.4. MC Supplementation Reduces Fat Accumulation in Brown Adipose Tissue by Activation of Lipolysis, Lipid Oxidation and Thermogenesis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animal Model
4.2. Serum and Blood Analysis
4.3. Indirect Calorimetry
4.4. Histological Analysis
4.5. mRNA Extraction and Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
4.6. BAT Temperature Measurements
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primers | Forward | Reverse | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Acc1 | GATGAACCATCTCCGTTGGC | CCCAATTATGAATCGGGAGTGC | [65] |
Acox1 | CTATGGGATCAGCCAGAAAG | AGTCAAAGGCATCCACCAAAG | [66] |
Atgl | CAACGCCACTCACATCTACGG | GGACACCTCAATAATGTTGGCAC | [67] |
Cpt1α | CTCAGTGGGAGCGACTCTTCA | GGCCTCTGTGGTACACGACAA | [68] |
Cpt1b | CGAGGATTCTCTGGAACTGC | GGCCTCTGTGGTACACGACAA | [69] |
Dio2 | AGAGTGGAGGCGCATGCT | GGCATCTAGGAGGAAGCTGTTC | [70] |
Fasn | GCTGCGGAAACTTCAGGAAAT | AGAGACGTGTCACTCCTGGACTT | [71] |
Glut1 | TCAACACGGCCTTCACTG | CACGATGCTCAGATAGGACATC | [72] |
Glut4 | AAAAGTGCCTGAAACCAGAG | TCACCTCCTGCTCTAAAAGG | [73] |
Hsl | TCCTGGAACTAAGTGGACGCAAG | CAGACACACTCCTGCGCATAGAC | [74] |
Mgl | CGGAACAAGTCGGAGGTTGA | TGTCCTGACTCCGGGATGAT | [67] |
Pgc1a | AGCCGTGACCACTGACAACGAG | GCTGCATGGTTCTGAGTGCTAAG | [75] |
Plin1 | GTCAATGAACAAGGGCCCAAC | CACAGGCAGCTGCAGAACTCTC | [74] |
Pparα | CCCTGTTTGTGGCTGCTATAATTT | GGGAAGAGGAAGGTGTCATCTG | [76] |
Prdm16 | CAGCACGGTGAAGCCATTC | GCGTGCATCCGCTTGTG | [77] |
Scd1 | AGATCTCCAGTTCTTACACGACCAC | GACGGATGTCTTCTTCCAGGTG | [65] |
Ucp1 | ACTGCCACACCTCCAGTCATT | CTTTGCCTCACTCAGGATTGG | [78] |
36b4 | AGTCCCTGCCCTTTGTACACA | CGATCCGAGGGCCTCACTA | [30] |
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Quesada-Vázquez, S.; Antolín, A.; Colom-Pellicer, M.; Aragonès, G.; Herrero, L.; Del Bas, J.M.; Caimari, A.; Escoté, X. Reduction of Obesity and Insulin Resistance through Dual Targeting of VAT and BAT by a Novel Combination of Metabolic Cofactors. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314923
Quesada-Vázquez S, Antolín A, Colom-Pellicer M, Aragonès G, Herrero L, Del Bas JM, Caimari A, Escoté X. Reduction of Obesity and Insulin Resistance through Dual Targeting of VAT and BAT by a Novel Combination of Metabolic Cofactors. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):14923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314923
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuesada-Vázquez, Sergio, Anna Antolín, Marina Colom-Pellicer, Gerard Aragonès, Laura Herrero, Josep Maria Del Bas, Antoni Caimari, and Xavier Escoté. 2022. "Reduction of Obesity and Insulin Resistance through Dual Targeting of VAT and BAT by a Novel Combination of Metabolic Cofactors" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 14923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314923