Tissue-Based Markers as a Tool to Assess Response to Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer—Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Biopolymers of Cancer Cells
2.1.1. Proteins
2.1.2. Genetic Markers—Mutations and Expression of Protein Coding Genes
2.1.3. Micro-RNA
2.2. Immunological Markers—Blood-Based and Tissue-Based
2.2.1. Blood-Based Immunological Markers
2.2.2. Tissue-Based Immunological Markers
2.2.3. Immunological Biomarkers within Tumors
2.3. Other
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
Literature Search and Inclusion Criteria
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Category | Type | Parameter |
---|---|---|
Biopolymers of Cancer Cells | Proteins | SATB1 XRCC2, hPEBP4, PITPNC1, FOXK1, FOXK2, Bcl-2, Cox-2, VEGF, APAF-1, FGF8, FGFR4, Survivin, FAK, GOLPH3, PAF15, N-κB/p65, PLK1, ATM, MRE11, VNN1, VRK1, VRK2, RAD51, 53BP1, PITPNC1 |
Tumour suppressors and oncogenes | TP53, XIAP, TCF4, RAD51 | |
Transcriptome/Epigenome | Transcriptomic and epigenetic signatures, miR-21, miR-223, miR-31, miR-106a, miR-20b | |
Immunological markers | Tissue-based immunological markers | TIL |
Blood-based immunological markers | cytokines | |
Immunological biomarkers within tumors | CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), PD-L1 (B7-H1), PD-L2 (B7-DC or CD273), ICOSL (B7-H2), CD276 (B7-H3), B7S1 (B7-H4, B7x or Vtcn1), VISTA (B7-H5, GI24 or PD-1H), B7-H6 and B7-H7 (HHLA2) | |
Other biomarkers | Blood-based cancer markers, gut microbiota | - |
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Smolskas, E.; Mikulskytė, G.; Sileika, E.; Suziedelis, K.; Dulskas, A. Tissue-Based Markers as a Tool to Assess Response to Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer—Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6040. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116040
Smolskas E, Mikulskytė G, Sileika E, Suziedelis K, Dulskas A. Tissue-Based Markers as a Tool to Assess Response to Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer—Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(11):6040. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116040
Chicago/Turabian StyleSmolskas, Edgaras, Goda Mikulskytė, Ernestas Sileika, Kestutis Suziedelis, and Audrius Dulskas. 2022. "Tissue-Based Markers as a Tool to Assess Response to Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer—Systematic Review" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11: 6040. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116040