Neuroinflammatory Response to TNFα and IL1β Cytokines Is Accompanied by an Increase in Glycolysis in Human Astrocytes In Vitro
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. ReN-Derived Astrocytes Take Up Aspartate and Display the Classical Astrocyte Marker Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)
2.2. ReN-Derived Astrocytes Show an Inflammatory Response after Acute Exposure to TNFα or IL1β
2.3. TNFα and IL1β Treatments Activate Slightly Differently Inflammatory Pathways in Astrocytes
2.4. Proinflammatory Cytokines Seem to Trigger the Detrimental Pathway in ReN-Derived Astrocytes
2.5. Activation Increases Glycolysis in Astrocytes
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Cultures
4.2. Treatments
4.3. Cell Viability
4.4. Immunohistochemistry
4.5. Gene Expression
4.6. Lactate Release
4.7. Aspartate Uptake
4.8. Extracellular Flux Analyzer
4.9. Statistical Analysis
4.10. Proteomics
4.10.1. Sample Preparation for Proteomic Analysis
4.10.2. MS Data Acquisition for Proteomics Analyses
4.10.3. Protein Identification and Quantification
4.11. Metabolomics
4.12. Pathway Enrichment
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pamies, D.; Sartori, C.; Schvartz, D.; González-Ruiz, V.; Pellerin, L.; Nunes, C.; Tavel, D.; Maillard, V.; Boccard, J.; Rudaz, S.; et al. Neuroinflammatory Response to TNFα and IL1β Cytokines Is Accompanied by an Increase in Glycolysis in Human Astrocytes In Vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 4065. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084065
Pamies D, Sartori C, Schvartz D, González-Ruiz V, Pellerin L, Nunes C, Tavel D, Maillard V, Boccard J, Rudaz S, et al. Neuroinflammatory Response to TNFα and IL1β Cytokines Is Accompanied by an Increase in Glycolysis in Human Astrocytes In Vitro. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(8):4065. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084065
Chicago/Turabian StylePamies, David, Chiara Sartori, Domitille Schvartz, Víctor González-Ruiz, Luc Pellerin, Carolina Nunes, Denise Tavel, Vanille Maillard, Julien Boccard, Serge Rudaz, and et al. 2021. "Neuroinflammatory Response to TNFα and IL1β Cytokines Is Accompanied by an Increase in Glycolysis in Human Astrocytes In Vitro" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 4065. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084065