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Review

The New Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

1
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica Starijeg 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
2
Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical and Hospital Center “Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje”, Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11020 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovica 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
4
Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Clinical Center of Serbia, Dr Subotica 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
5
Department of Cardiology, Clinical and Hospital Center “Bezanijska Kosa”, Dr Zorza Matea s/n, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
6
Department of Hematology, Clinical and Hospital Center “Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje”, Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11020 Belgrade, Serbia
7
Institute of Anatomy “Niko Miljanic”, Dr Subotica Starijeg 4/2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
8
Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(24), 13219; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413219
Submission received: 28 October 2021 / Revised: 25 November 2021 / Accepted: 2 December 2021 / Published: 8 December 2021

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease which is characterized by extremely complex pathogenetic mechanisms and multifactorial etiology. Some of the many pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of NAFLD include oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial metabolism, inflammation, gut microbiota, and interaction between the brain-liver-axis and the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. The new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of NAFLD are targeting some of these milestones along the pathophysiological pathway and include drugs like agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, sodium/glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, probiotics, and symbiotics. Further efforts in biomedical sciences should focus on the investigation of the relationship between the microbiome, liver metabolism, and response to inflammation, systemic consequences of metabolic syndrome.
Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; lipotoxicity; organelle dysfunction; dysbiosis; new therapeutic modalities non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; lipotoxicity; organelle dysfunction; dysbiosis; new therapeutic modalities

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MDPI and ACS Style

Filipovic, B.; Lukic, S.; Mijac, D.; Marjanovic-Haljilji, M.; Vojnovic, M.; Bogdanovic, J.; Glisic, T.; Filipovic, N.; Al Kiswani, J.; Djokovic, A.; et al. The New Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 13219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413219

AMA Style

Filipovic B, Lukic S, Mijac D, Marjanovic-Haljilji M, Vojnovic M, Bogdanovic J, Glisic T, Filipovic N, Al Kiswani J, Djokovic A, et al. The New Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(24):13219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413219

Chicago/Turabian Style

Filipovic, Branka, Snezana Lukic, Dragana Mijac, Marija Marjanovic-Haljilji, Marko Vojnovic, Jelena Bogdanovic, Tijana Glisic, Natasa Filipovic, Jamal Al Kiswani, Aleksandra Djokovic, and et al. 2021. "The New Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24: 13219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413219

APA Style

Filipovic, B., Lukic, S., Mijac, D., Marjanovic-Haljilji, M., Vojnovic, M., Bogdanovic, J., Glisic, T., Filipovic, N., Al Kiswani, J., Djokovic, A., Kapor, S., Kapor, S., Bukumiric, Z., & Starcevic, A. (2021). The New Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(24), 13219. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413219

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