5-Azacitidine Induces Cell Death in a Tissue Culture of Brachypodium distachyon
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological, Histological, Cytological, and Ultrastructural Observations in the Brachypodium Callus
2.2. RT-PCR
2.3. AGPs and Extensins under Different 5-azaC Treatments
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material Growth, In Vitro Culture Conditions, and 5-azaC Treatment
4.2. Histological Procedures
4.3. TEM
4.4. TUNEL Assay
4.5. Gene Expression Analysis
4.6. Immunocytochemistry
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Genes | Description of the Genes | Primer Sequence (5′–3′) |
---|---|---|
AK437296 | ubiquitine | pF–GAGGGTGGACTCCTTTTGGA |
pR–TCCACACTCCACTTGGTGCT | ||
Bradi3g01470.1 | aminoacylase activity, catalase activity | pF–TTGTGAAGAGGTTCGCGGATGC |
pR–TCCCACACGACTTATCACACTGG | ||
Bradi3g35620.1 | putative glutathione S-transferase | pF–TTTCCATTGCTGAGCACAAGAGC |
pR–GGGACTTGACCAAATGGATTGCG | ||
Bradi5g09650.1 | thioredoxin peroxidase activity | pF–GAACCCTTCAGGCCCTGCAATATG |
pR–AACCTGCTGGGCAAACCTCATC | ||
Bradi2g18877.1 | hexokinase | pF–AATGACACGGTAGGCGAGGATG |
pR–GACTTTCATATCGAGACCCTGACG | ||
Bradi2g18290.1 | single-stranded DNA specific 5′–3′ exodeoxyribonuclease activity | pF–AGGCACCTTGTGAAGCAGAAGC |
pR–TCTGATGCGACAGCATACACCTTG | ||
Bradi1g75270.1 | pheophorbide oxygenase (PAO, ACD1) | pF–ACCGTCCTTTCAAAGCGTGAGATG |
pR–CGCTCCTTTGCAAGACGAACAC | ||
Bradi1g60762.1 | metacaspase involved in regulation of apoptosis | pF–ACTGCATCCTCATCCTCACAGAG |
pR–AGCCAGCAGATTCTCCTTCGTC | ||
Bradi1g60756.1 | metacaspase involved in regulation of apoptosis | pF–ACTGCATCCTCACCCTTACACC |
pR–AGAAGTGGAACACCAGGGAGTC | ||
Bradi1g05570.1 | BAX inhibitor related | pF–ACGCCATCGTCCTGATGTTGTTC |
pR–TGAGGAAGGCCGAGAAGATGAGC | ||
Bradi1g02697.1 | XP-G/RAD2 DNA repair endonuclease family | pF–AGGGTTTGACGAAGCTGCTG |
pR–TCCTTTCCTTCCTACCACAACCAG | ||
Bradi3g01470.2 | aminoacylase activity, catalase activity | pF–AGGTGATGGACCCAGATGAG |
pR–GAAGTTGTCCACGTTTCGGT | ||
Bradi3g29270.1 | protein executer 1 | pF–GTTGGTGGCAACAGGAAACT |
pR–GAATTCGGCTGAAGTGGGTA |
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Betekhtin, A.; Milewska-Hendel, A.; Chajec, L.; Rojek, M.; Nowak, K.; Kwasniewska, J.; Wolny, E.; Kurczynska, E.; Hasterok, R. 5-Azacitidine Induces Cell Death in a Tissue Culture of Brachypodium distachyon. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061806
Betekhtin A, Milewska-Hendel A, Chajec L, Rojek M, Nowak K, Kwasniewska J, Wolny E, Kurczynska E, Hasterok R. 5-Azacitidine Induces Cell Death in a Tissue Culture of Brachypodium distachyon. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(6):1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061806
Chicago/Turabian StyleBetekhtin, Alexander, Anna Milewska-Hendel, Lukasz Chajec, Magdalena Rojek, Katarzyna Nowak, Jolanta Kwasniewska, Elzbieta Wolny, Ewa Kurczynska, and Robert Hasterok. 2018. "5-Azacitidine Induces Cell Death in a Tissue Culture of Brachypodium distachyon" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 6: 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061806