Astragalus membranaceus Inhibits Inflammation via Phospho-P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB Pathways in Advanced Glycation End Product-Stimulated Macrophages
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Effects of AGEs and AME on Cell Viability
2.2. Effects of AME and AGEs on the mRNA Levels and Secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α in Macrophages
2.3. NF-κB and Phospho-p38 MAPK Mediate the Effects of AGEs and AME on Macrophages
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Materials
3.2. Preparation of AME
3.3. Cell Culture
3.4. Assessment of Cell Viability
3.5. Assessment of TNF-α and IL-1β Secretion
3.6. Detection of mRNAs by RT-PCR
3.7. Western Blot Analysis
3.8. Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA)
3.9. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
- Conflict of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Qin, Q.; Niu, J.; Wang, Z.; Xu, W.; Qiao, Z.; Gu, Y. Astragalus membranaceus Inhibits Inflammation via Phospho-P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB Pathways in Advanced Glycation End Product-Stimulated Macrophages. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 8379-8387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13078379
Qin Q, Niu J, Wang Z, Xu W, Qiao Z, Gu Y. Astragalus membranaceus Inhibits Inflammation via Phospho-P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB Pathways in Advanced Glycation End Product-Stimulated Macrophages. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(7):8379-8387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13078379
Chicago/Turabian StyleQin, Qiaojing, Jianying Niu, Zhaoxia Wang, Wangjie Xu, Zhongdong Qiao, and Yong Gu. 2012. "Astragalus membranaceus Inhibits Inflammation via Phospho-P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB Pathways in Advanced Glycation End Product-Stimulated Macrophages" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 7: 8379-8387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13078379