2.4. Effect of Asafoetida Extract on the Amino Acids Components of Pleurotus Fruiting Body
We chose CPAE with 2.3 g/100 g extract for the experiment to assess Pleurotus ferulic amino acids, because CPAE with this extract concentration promoted mycelium and fruiting body growth, with high yields of fruiting bodies. This means CPAE with 2.3 g/100 g extract had higher bio-conversion efficiency and bio-conversion rate, increasing the accumulation of nutrients. It is necessary for us to analyze the amino acid proportion ratios of protein, an important nutrient, to make an assessment of protein levels.
As illustrated in
Table 4, the amino acid assessment experimental results showed that total amino acid in
Pleurotus ferulic fruiting bodies was the highest in CPAE with 2.3 g/100 g extract, following by WP, CP. However, amino acid composition after different treatments varies differently, as the did the content of seven amino acids Asp, Thr, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala and Pro, which was higher in WP than in CP, followed by CPAE with 2.3/100 g extract; the content of Val in WP is higher than CPAE, followed by CP; the content of Lys in CPAE is the same as CP, but lower that WP.
The contents of eight other amino acids in CPAE is higher than CP and WP. The content of Arg in CPAE is higher than WP by 209.1% and higher than CP by 507.1%. The content of Met in CPAE is higher than WP by 298.9% and higher than CP by 66.9%. The content of Try in CPAE is higher than WP by 123.5% and higher than CP by 81%. The content of Ile in CPAE is higher than WP by 68.2% and higher than CP by 121.9%. The content of the seven essential amino acids assessed, except for Thr and Val, in CPAE with 2.3 g/100 g extract, is higher than CP and WP. The content of Thr in CPAE is lower than WP and CP. The content of Val in CPAE is lower than WP.
As illustrated in
Table 5, the treatment with asafoetida extract showed a marked effect on percentage composition of essential amino acids. At the concentration of 2.3 g/100 g, asafoetida extract showed the highest content of total necessary amino acids (49.79%) followed by egg (49.7%), CP (43.20%), WP (40.74%) and the FAO/WHO recommendations (35%).
As illustrated in
Table 6, scoring of protein content of
Pleurotus fruiting body is the highest (70.2%) for asafoetida extract (2.3 g/100 g) followed by CP (57.7 %), and WP (43.3%). As illustrated in
Table 7, scoring of necessary amino acids components of fruiting bodies is the highest (73.2%) in CP, followed by CPAE with 2.3 g/100 g extract (70.3%), and WP (55.8%).
Wild Pleurotus ferulic lives specially in the roots of asafoetida, decomposing it as its own nutrient and suggesting that there must be some chemicals there that affect its growth. In the experiment, Pleurotus ferulic was extracted with 95% ethanol and concentrated to give a complex mixture of chemical components. These chemical components play an important role in amino acid conversion, synthesis and accumulation. In the experiment, we added asafoetida extract to Pleurotus ferulic culture in appropriate proportions. When adding higher contents of asafoetida extract, the growth of Pleurotus mycelium and fruiting bodies was inhibited to some extent. This will definitely affect nutrient composition accumulation in fruiting bodies, and amino acid contents. We are most interested in some phenomena in the experiment. The content of some amino acids in CP is higher than CPAE and WP, while the content of some other amino acids is higher in CPAE than CP and WP, especially Arg and Met. In the experiment, the irregular change of Pleurotus ferulic amino acids must be in correlation with some chemicals in asafoetida extract. Now we can only speculate that these asafoetida extract chemicals stimulate or inhibit the physiology and/or metabolism of Pleurotus, or is used directly as a source of amino acids. Now the principle of the relationship is not clear.