Identifying Natural syNergist from Pongamia pinnata Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography Combined with Isobolographic Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. HSCCC Separation
2.2. Synergistic Effect between Compounds and the Subtracted Residue
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials and Reagents
3.2. Plant Collection and Extraction
3.3. High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography Separation
3.3.1. Analytical HPLC and Selection of the Target Compounds
3.3.2. Preparation of Two-Phase Solvent System and Sample Solution
3.3.3. HSCCC Separation Procedure
3.4. Determinations of Interactions between the Compounds and Their Subtracted Residues
3.4.1. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test
3.4.2. Preparation of the Subtracted Residues
3.4.3. Isobolographic Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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- Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors.
Fr1 | Fr2 (Compound 3) | Fr3 | Fr4 (Compound 2) | Fr5 | Fr6 (Compound 1) | Fr7 | Sum | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dry weight (mg) | 17.6 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 13.6 | 58.8 |
Purity (%) | \ | 96.1 | \ | 95.9 | \ | 97.5 | \ | \ |
Recovery (%) | \ | 92.2 | \ | 94.9 | \ | 96.1 | \ | 96.3 a |
Combination (Sample 1:Sample 2) | p1 a | p2 a | z1* | z2* | Zt | Zadd c |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BST LC50, μg/mL b | ||||||
Compound 1:subtracted residue | 0.07 | 0.93 | 28.9 ± 6.5 | 45.0 ± 8.7 | 35.7 ± 6.7 | 43.3 |
Compound 2:subtracted residue | 0.08 | 0.92 | 10.9 ± 2.5 | 60.9 ± 10.3 | 35.7 ± 6.7 | 44.6 |
Compound 3:subtracted residue | 0.13 | 0.87 | 33.9 ± 11.1 | 94.6 ± 6.2 | 35.7 ± 6.7 | 76.8 |
Compound 1:compound 2 | 0.53 | 0.47 | 10.9 ± 2.5 | 28.9 ± 6.5 | 16.6 ± 6.9 | 15.4 |
Compound 1:compound 3 | 0.62 | 0.38 | 33.9 ± 5.1 | 28.9 ± 6.5 | 35.3 ± 3.2 | 31.8 |
Compound 2:compound 3 | 0.61 | 0.39 | 33.9 ± 5.1 | 10.9 ± 2.5 | 19.8 ± 4.2 | 18.5 |
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Yin, H.; Wei, Y.; Chen, R.; Zhang, S.; Long, L.; Yin, H.; Tian, X.; He, W. Identifying Natural syNergist from Pongamia pinnata Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography Combined with Isobolographic Analysis. Molecules 2017, 22, 397. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030397
Yin H, Wei Y, Chen R, Zhang S, Long L, Yin H, Tian X, He W. Identifying Natural syNergist from Pongamia pinnata Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography Combined with Isobolographic Analysis. Molecules. 2017; 22(3):397. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030397
Chicago/Turabian StyleYin, Hao, Yubai Wei, Rouwen Chen, Si Zhang, Lijuan Long, Hang Yin, Xinpeng Tian, and Weihong He. 2017. "Identifying Natural syNergist from Pongamia pinnata Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography Combined with Isobolographic Analysis" Molecules 22, no. 3: 397. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030397